Cargando…
Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control
Aerosol therapy is used to deliver medical therapeutics directly to the airways to treat respiratory conditions. A potential consequence of this form of treatment is the release of fugitive aerosols, both patient derived and medical, into the environment and the subsequent exposure of caregivers and...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8725970/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34962221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2021.2015482 |
_version_ | 1784626227432128512 |
---|---|
author | Mac Giolla Eain, Marc Cahill, Ronan MacLoughlin, Ronan Nolan, Kevin |
author_facet | Mac Giolla Eain, Marc Cahill, Ronan MacLoughlin, Ronan Nolan, Kevin |
author_sort | Mac Giolla Eain, Marc |
collection | PubMed |
description | Aerosol therapy is used to deliver medical therapeutics directly to the airways to treat respiratory conditions. A potential consequence of this form of treatment is the release of fugitive aerosols, both patient derived and medical, into the environment and the subsequent exposure of caregivers and bystanders to potential viral infections. This study examined the release of these fugitive aerosols during a standard aerosol therapy to a simulated adult patient. An aerosol holding chamber and mouthpiece were connected to a representative head model and breathing simulator. A combination of laser and Schlieren imaging was used to non-invasively visualize the release and dispersion of fugitive aerosol particles. Time-varying aerosol particle number concentrations and size distributions were measured with optical particle sizers at clinically relevant positions to the simulated patient. The influence of breathing pattern, normal and distressed, supplemental air flow, at 0.2 and 6 LPM, and the addition of a bacterial filter to the exhalation port of the mouthpiece were assessed. Images showed large quantities of fugitive aerosols emitted from the unfiltered mouthpiece. The images and particle counter data show that the addition of a bacterial filter limited the release of these fugitive aerosols, with the peak fugitive aerosol concentrations decreasing by 47.3–83.3%, depending on distance from the simulated patient. The addition of a bacterial filter to the mouthpiece significantly reduces the levels of fugitive aerosols emitted during a simulated aerosol therapy, p≤ .05, and would greatly aid in reducing healthcare worker and bystander exposure to potentially harmful fugitive aerosols. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8725970 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87259702022-01-05 Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control Mac Giolla Eain, Marc Cahill, Ronan MacLoughlin, Ronan Nolan, Kevin Drug Deliv Research Article Aerosol therapy is used to deliver medical therapeutics directly to the airways to treat respiratory conditions. A potential consequence of this form of treatment is the release of fugitive aerosols, both patient derived and medical, into the environment and the subsequent exposure of caregivers and bystanders to potential viral infections. This study examined the release of these fugitive aerosols during a standard aerosol therapy to a simulated adult patient. An aerosol holding chamber and mouthpiece were connected to a representative head model and breathing simulator. A combination of laser and Schlieren imaging was used to non-invasively visualize the release and dispersion of fugitive aerosol particles. Time-varying aerosol particle number concentrations and size distributions were measured with optical particle sizers at clinically relevant positions to the simulated patient. The influence of breathing pattern, normal and distressed, supplemental air flow, at 0.2 and 6 LPM, and the addition of a bacterial filter to the exhalation port of the mouthpiece were assessed. Images showed large quantities of fugitive aerosols emitted from the unfiltered mouthpiece. The images and particle counter data show that the addition of a bacterial filter limited the release of these fugitive aerosols, with the peak fugitive aerosol concentrations decreasing by 47.3–83.3%, depending on distance from the simulated patient. The addition of a bacterial filter to the mouthpiece significantly reduces the levels of fugitive aerosols emitted during a simulated aerosol therapy, p≤ .05, and would greatly aid in reducing healthcare worker and bystander exposure to potentially harmful fugitive aerosols. Taylor & Francis 2021-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8725970/ /pubmed/34962221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2021.2015482 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Mac Giolla Eain, Marc Cahill, Ronan MacLoughlin, Ronan Nolan, Kevin Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
title | Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
title_full | Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
title_fullStr | Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
title_full_unstemmed | Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
title_short | Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
title_sort | aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8725970/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34962221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2021.2015482 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT macgiollaeainmarc aerosolreleasedistributionandpreventionduringaerosoltherapyasimulatedmodelforinfectioncontrol AT cahillronan aerosolreleasedistributionandpreventionduringaerosoltherapyasimulatedmodelforinfectioncontrol AT macloughlinronan aerosolreleasedistributionandpreventionduringaerosoltherapyasimulatedmodelforinfectioncontrol AT nolankevin aerosolreleasedistributionandpreventionduringaerosoltherapyasimulatedmodelforinfectioncontrol |