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Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the second most common cardiomyopathy in childhood with a life-threatening risk. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement is recommended for early prevention if there are two or more clinical risk factors. Pediatric patients with HCM are...

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Autores principales: Li, Xing, Tang, Jie, Li, Jinhui, Lin, Sha, Wang, Tao, Zhou, Kaiyu, Li, Yifei, Hua, Yimin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8733160/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35004917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.810291
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author Li, Xing
Tang, Jie
Li, Jinhui
Lin, Sha
Wang, Tao
Zhou, Kaiyu
Li, Yifei
Hua, Yimin
author_facet Li, Xing
Tang, Jie
Li, Jinhui
Lin, Sha
Wang, Tao
Zhou, Kaiyu
Li, Yifei
Hua, Yimin
author_sort Li, Xing
collection PubMed
description Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the second most common cardiomyopathy in childhood with a life-threatening risk. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement is recommended for early prevention if there are two or more clinical risk factors. Pediatric patients with HCM are at a higher risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), but there are limited reports on indications for ICD implantation in children. Herein we describe the case of Myh7 mutation-induced HCM and cardiac arrest in a patient and evaluated information originating from genetic background to guide ICD administration. Case Presentation: The patient was a girl aged 7 years and 8 months who had been diagnosed with cardiomyopathy in utero 8 years prior. She had had recurrent cardiac arrests within the last 4 years. Electrocardiography indicated abnormalities in conduction, and ST segment changes. Echocardiography indicated significant left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertrophic systolic interventricular septum. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging depicted general heart enlargement with hypertrophy, and delayed enhancement in myocardium with perfusion defect was also evident. Whole exon sequencing identified a de novo c.2723T>C (p.L908P) heterozygous mutation in the MYH7 gene. MYH7 p.L908P predicted unstable protein structure and impaired function. The patient was scheduled for ICD implantation. There were no complications after ICD implantation, and she was discharged from hospital on the 10th day. Regular oral beta-blockers, amiodarone, spironolactone, and enalapril were administered, and she was required to attend hospital regularly for follow-up. During follow-up there were no cardiac arrests. Literature review of clinical prognoses associated with genetic mutations of MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNI3, TNNT2, and TPM1 in pediatric HCM patients with and without ICD implantation indicated that they were totally differently. Previous reports also indicated that gene mutations predicted earlier onset of cardiac hypertrophy, and increase likelihood of SCD. Conclusion: Variant burden and variant type contribute to the risk of adverse events in pediatric HCM. Early recognition and intervention are vital in children. Gene mutation could be considered an indication for early ICD placement during standard risk stratification of HCM patients. Whether this extends to the majority of pediatric patients requires further investigation.
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spelling pubmed-87331602022-01-07 Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review Li, Xing Tang, Jie Li, Jinhui Lin, Sha Wang, Tao Zhou, Kaiyu Li, Yifei Hua, Yimin Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the second most common cardiomyopathy in childhood with a life-threatening risk. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement is recommended for early prevention if there are two or more clinical risk factors. Pediatric patients with HCM are at a higher risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), but there are limited reports on indications for ICD implantation in children. Herein we describe the case of Myh7 mutation-induced HCM and cardiac arrest in a patient and evaluated information originating from genetic background to guide ICD administration. Case Presentation: The patient was a girl aged 7 years and 8 months who had been diagnosed with cardiomyopathy in utero 8 years prior. She had had recurrent cardiac arrests within the last 4 years. Electrocardiography indicated abnormalities in conduction, and ST segment changes. Echocardiography indicated significant left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertrophic systolic interventricular septum. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging depicted general heart enlargement with hypertrophy, and delayed enhancement in myocardium with perfusion defect was also evident. Whole exon sequencing identified a de novo c.2723T>C (p.L908P) heterozygous mutation in the MYH7 gene. MYH7 p.L908P predicted unstable protein structure and impaired function. The patient was scheduled for ICD implantation. There were no complications after ICD implantation, and she was discharged from hospital on the 10th day. Regular oral beta-blockers, amiodarone, spironolactone, and enalapril were administered, and she was required to attend hospital regularly for follow-up. During follow-up there were no cardiac arrests. Literature review of clinical prognoses associated with genetic mutations of MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNI3, TNNT2, and TPM1 in pediatric HCM patients with and without ICD implantation indicated that they were totally differently. Previous reports also indicated that gene mutations predicted earlier onset of cardiac hypertrophy, and increase likelihood of SCD. Conclusion: Variant burden and variant type contribute to the risk of adverse events in pediatric HCM. Early recognition and intervention are vital in children. Gene mutation could be considered an indication for early ICD placement during standard risk stratification of HCM patients. Whether this extends to the majority of pediatric patients requires further investigation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8733160/ /pubmed/35004917 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.810291 Text en Copyright © 2021 Li, Tang, Li, Lin, Wang, Zhou, Li and Hua. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Li, Xing
Tang, Jie
Li, Jinhui
Lin, Sha
Wang, Tao
Zhou, Kaiyu
Li, Yifei
Hua, Yimin
Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review
title Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review
title_full Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review
title_fullStr Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review
title_short Genetic Clues on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement in Young-Age Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report of Novel MYH7 Mutation and Literature Review
title_sort genetic clues on implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in young-age hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report of novel myh7 mutation and literature review
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8733160/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35004917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.810291
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