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Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability

This study examined whether scores on self-report measures of executive functions varied in accordance with level of self-professed paranormal ability. The investigators compared three groups varying in attribution of paranormal facilities: practitioners (Mediums, Psychics, Spiritualists and Fortune...

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Autores principales: Drinkwater, Kenneth Graham, Dagnall, Neil, Denovan, Andrew, Parker, Andrew, Escolà-Gascón, Álex
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8733669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35002892
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.798283
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author Drinkwater, Kenneth Graham
Dagnall, Neil
Denovan, Andrew
Parker, Andrew
Escolà-Gascón, Álex
author_facet Drinkwater, Kenneth Graham
Dagnall, Neil
Denovan, Andrew
Parker, Andrew
Escolà-Gascón, Álex
author_sort Drinkwater, Kenneth Graham
collection PubMed
description This study examined whether scores on self-report measures of executive functions varied in accordance with level of self-professed paranormal ability. The investigators compared three groups varying in attribution of paranormal facilities: practitioners (Mediums, Psychics, Spiritualists and Fortune-Tellers), self-professed ability and no ability. Consistent with recent research on cognitive-perceptual factors allied to delusional formation and thinking style, the researchers anticipated that practitioners would score higher on paranormal belief and self-reported executive function disruption. Correspondingly, the investigators also hypothesised that the self-professed ability group would demonstrate greater belief in the paranormal and higher levels of executive function disruption than the no ability group. A sample of 499 (219 males, 279 females) respondents completed the measures online. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) found a large effect size, alongside significant differences on all variables apart from Cognitive Reappraisal. Pairwise comparisons indicated that Paranormal Belief increased as a function of level of ability; practitioners scored higher than self-professed, who in turn scored higher than the no ability group. For executive functioning, significant differences emerged only for the no ability vs. self-professed ability and no ability vs. practising groups. Collectively, outcomes indicated that perception of ability, regardless of intensity of paranormal conviction, influenced subjective appraisal of executive functions. Failure to find consistent differences between practitioner and self-professed ability groups suggested that discernment of ability was sufficient to heighten awareness of executive functioning disruptions.
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spelling pubmed-87336692022-01-07 Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability Drinkwater, Kenneth Graham Dagnall, Neil Denovan, Andrew Parker, Andrew Escolà-Gascón, Álex Front Psychol Psychology This study examined whether scores on self-report measures of executive functions varied in accordance with level of self-professed paranormal ability. The investigators compared three groups varying in attribution of paranormal facilities: practitioners (Mediums, Psychics, Spiritualists and Fortune-Tellers), self-professed ability and no ability. Consistent with recent research on cognitive-perceptual factors allied to delusional formation and thinking style, the researchers anticipated that practitioners would score higher on paranormal belief and self-reported executive function disruption. Correspondingly, the investigators also hypothesised that the self-professed ability group would demonstrate greater belief in the paranormal and higher levels of executive function disruption than the no ability group. A sample of 499 (219 males, 279 females) respondents completed the measures online. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) found a large effect size, alongside significant differences on all variables apart from Cognitive Reappraisal. Pairwise comparisons indicated that Paranormal Belief increased as a function of level of ability; practitioners scored higher than self-professed, who in turn scored higher than the no ability group. For executive functioning, significant differences emerged only for the no ability vs. self-professed ability and no ability vs. practising groups. Collectively, outcomes indicated that perception of ability, regardless of intensity of paranormal conviction, influenced subjective appraisal of executive functions. Failure to find consistent differences between practitioner and self-professed ability groups suggested that discernment of ability was sufficient to heighten awareness of executive functioning disruptions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8733669/ /pubmed/35002892 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.798283 Text en Copyright © 2021 Drinkwater, Dagnall, Denovan, Parker and Escolà-Gascón. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Drinkwater, Kenneth Graham
Dagnall, Neil
Denovan, Andrew
Parker, Andrew
Escolà-Gascón, Álex
Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability
title Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability
title_full Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability
title_fullStr Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability
title_full_unstemmed Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability
title_short Executive Functioning: Assessing the Role of Perceived Paranormal Ability
title_sort executive functioning: assessing the role of perceived paranormal ability
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8733669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35002892
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.798283
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