Hypoglycemia with lactic acidosis caused by a new MRPS2 gene mutation in a Chinese girl: a case report

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S2 (MRPS2) gene mutation, which is related to severe hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis, is rarely reported globally. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a new MRPS2 gene mutation in a Chinese girl who presented with hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis. A homozygous C.412C > G variant that could cause complex oxidative phosphorylation deficiency and had not been reported before was identified. The clinical manifestations included recurrent vomiting, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, sensorineural hearing loss, and gall bladder calculi. Hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis improved after the administration of sugary liquid and supportive treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent hypoglycemia with lactic acidosis and sensorineural hearing loss should lead to suspicion of mitochondrial defects and the early refinement of genetic tests.