Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma of the lung: A case report

RATIONALE: Mesenchymal cystic pulmonary hamartoma is a rare type of hamartoma that has been reported in all cases in the literature. Most patients were reported to have spontaneous pneumothorax and were treated by surgery, and finally confirmed to be caused by rupture of the cystic hamartoma. Here, we report a case of mesenchymal cystic pulmonary hamartoma detected using computed tomography (CT) during a health check-up without obvious symptoms. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 60-year-old woman was detected using CT during her health check-up. She was a non-smoker and had no symptoms or history of specific diseases. DIAGNOSIS: The final pathological examination confirmed that the lesion was a mesenchymal cystic hamartoma of the lung. INTERVENTIONS: A uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery wedge resection was performed for biopsy. OUTCOMES: The patient recovered smoothly and was discharged on postoperative day 3. LESSONS: For cystic pulmonary hamartoma, it is usually difficult to make a correct diagnosis using CT imaging. A chest magnetic resonance imaging examination may be helpful for differentiation diagnosis before video-assisted thoracic surgery biopsy.