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Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor
Since the pioneering discoveries, by the Nobel laureates Jules Hoffmann and Bruce Beutler, that Toll and Toll-like receptors can sense pathogenic microorganisms and initiate, in vertebrates and invertebrates, innate immune responses against microbial infections, many other families of pattern recogn...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8739261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35003072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.760770 |
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author | Cardoso, Marcos S. Santos, Rita F. Almeida, Sarah Sá, Mónica Pérez-Cabezas, Begoña Oliveira, Liliana Tavares, Joana Carmo, Alexandre M. |
author_facet | Cardoso, Marcos S. Santos, Rita F. Almeida, Sarah Sá, Mónica Pérez-Cabezas, Begoña Oliveira, Liliana Tavares, Joana Carmo, Alexandre M. |
author_sort | Cardoso, Marcos S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since the pioneering discoveries, by the Nobel laureates Jules Hoffmann and Bruce Beutler, that Toll and Toll-like receptors can sense pathogenic microorganisms and initiate, in vertebrates and invertebrates, innate immune responses against microbial infections, many other families of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been described. One of such receptor clusters is composed by, if not all, at least several members of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. Many SRCR proteins are plasma membrane receptors of immune cells; however, a small subset consists of secreted receptors that are therefore in circulation. We here describe the first characterization of biological and functional roles of the circulating human protein SSC4D, one of the least scrutinized members of the family. Within leukocyte populations, SSC4D was found to be expressed by monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and B cells, but its production was particularly evident in epithelial cells of several organs and tissues, namely, in the kidney, thyroid, lung, placenta, intestinal tract, and liver. Similar to other SRCR proteins, SSC4D shows the capacity of physically binding to different species of bacteria, and this opsonization can increase the phagocytic capacity of monocytes. Importantly, we have uncovered the capacity of SSC4D of binding to several protozoan parasites, a singular feature seldom described for PRRs in general and here demonstrated for the first time for an SRCR family member. Overall, our study is pioneer in assigning a PRR role to SSC4D. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8739261 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87392612022-01-08 Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor Cardoso, Marcos S. Santos, Rita F. Almeida, Sarah Sá, Mónica Pérez-Cabezas, Begoña Oliveira, Liliana Tavares, Joana Carmo, Alexandre M. Front Immunol Immunology Since the pioneering discoveries, by the Nobel laureates Jules Hoffmann and Bruce Beutler, that Toll and Toll-like receptors can sense pathogenic microorganisms and initiate, in vertebrates and invertebrates, innate immune responses against microbial infections, many other families of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been described. One of such receptor clusters is composed by, if not all, at least several members of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. Many SRCR proteins are plasma membrane receptors of immune cells; however, a small subset consists of secreted receptors that are therefore in circulation. We here describe the first characterization of biological and functional roles of the circulating human protein SSC4D, one of the least scrutinized members of the family. Within leukocyte populations, SSC4D was found to be expressed by monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and B cells, but its production was particularly evident in epithelial cells of several organs and tissues, namely, in the kidney, thyroid, lung, placenta, intestinal tract, and liver. Similar to other SRCR proteins, SSC4D shows the capacity of physically binding to different species of bacteria, and this opsonization can increase the phagocytic capacity of monocytes. Importantly, we have uncovered the capacity of SSC4D of binding to several protozoan parasites, a singular feature seldom described for PRRs in general and here demonstrated for the first time for an SRCR family member. Overall, our study is pioneer in assigning a PRR role to SSC4D. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8739261/ /pubmed/35003072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.760770 Text en Copyright © 2021 Cardoso, Santos, Almeida, Sá, Pérez-Cabezas, Oliveira, Tavares and Carmo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Cardoso, Marcos S. Santos, Rita F. Almeida, Sarah Sá, Mónica Pérez-Cabezas, Begoña Oliveira, Liliana Tavares, Joana Carmo, Alexandre M. Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor |
title | Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor |
title_full | Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor |
title_fullStr | Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor |
title_full_unstemmed | Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor |
title_short | Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor |
title_sort | physical interactions with bacteria and protozoan parasites establish the scavenger receptor ssc4d as a broad-spectrum pattern recognition receptor |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8739261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35003072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.760770 |
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