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Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

The use of the dual-task model as a cognitive-motor interface has been extensively investigated in cross-sectional studies as a training task in cognitive impairment. However, few existing longitudinal studies prove the usefulness of this tool as a clinical marker of cognitive impairment in older pe...

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Autores principales: Ramírez, Felipe, Gutiérrez, Myriam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8740025/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35002676
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.769462
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author Ramírez, Felipe
Gutiérrez, Myriam
author_facet Ramírez, Felipe
Gutiérrez, Myriam
author_sort Ramírez, Felipe
collection PubMed
description The use of the dual-task model as a cognitive-motor interface has been extensively investigated in cross-sectional studies as a training task in cognitive impairment. However, few existing longitudinal studies prove the usefulness of this tool as a clinical marker of cognitive impairment in older people. What is the evidence in prospective studies about dual-task gait as a predictor of cognitive impairment in older adults? This study aims to review and discuss the current state of knowledge in prospective studies on the use of dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults. The methodology used was a systematic review, according to the PRISMA criteria for the search, summarize and report. A search in 3 databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus) was carried out until April 2021. The search terms used were: “(gait OR walking) AND (cognitive decline) AND (dual-task) AND (follow-up OR longitudinal OR long-term OR prospective OR cohort OR predict).” We included prospective research articles with older people with cognitive evaluation at the beginning and the end of the follow-up and dual-task gait paradigm as initial evaluation associated with the presentation of cognitive impairment prediction using any dual-task gait parameters. After exclusion criteria, 12 studies were reviewed. The results indicate that eight studies consider dual-task gait parameters a useful cognitive-motor tool, finding that some of the evaluated parameters of dual-task gait significantly correlate with cognitive impairment over time. The most promising DT parameters associated with cognitive impairment prediction seem to be gait speed, speed cost, DT time, numbers of words during DT, among others. In sum, this study reviews the variety of dual-task gait parameters and their relevance as a simple tool for early cognitive impairment screening, opening a diagnostic window for the screening of cognitive impairment in older people.
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spelling pubmed-87400252022-01-08 Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review Ramírez, Felipe Gutiérrez, Myriam Front Aging Neurosci Aging Neuroscience The use of the dual-task model as a cognitive-motor interface has been extensively investigated in cross-sectional studies as a training task in cognitive impairment. However, few existing longitudinal studies prove the usefulness of this tool as a clinical marker of cognitive impairment in older people. What is the evidence in prospective studies about dual-task gait as a predictor of cognitive impairment in older adults? This study aims to review and discuss the current state of knowledge in prospective studies on the use of dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults. The methodology used was a systematic review, according to the PRISMA criteria for the search, summarize and report. A search in 3 databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus) was carried out until April 2021. The search terms used were: “(gait OR walking) AND (cognitive decline) AND (dual-task) AND (follow-up OR longitudinal OR long-term OR prospective OR cohort OR predict).” We included prospective research articles with older people with cognitive evaluation at the beginning and the end of the follow-up and dual-task gait paradigm as initial evaluation associated with the presentation of cognitive impairment prediction using any dual-task gait parameters. After exclusion criteria, 12 studies were reviewed. The results indicate that eight studies consider dual-task gait parameters a useful cognitive-motor tool, finding that some of the evaluated parameters of dual-task gait significantly correlate with cognitive impairment over time. The most promising DT parameters associated with cognitive impairment prediction seem to be gait speed, speed cost, DT time, numbers of words during DT, among others. In sum, this study reviews the variety of dual-task gait parameters and their relevance as a simple tool for early cognitive impairment screening, opening a diagnostic window for the screening of cognitive impairment in older people. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8740025/ /pubmed/35002676 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.769462 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ramírez and Gutiérrez. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Aging Neuroscience
Ramírez, Felipe
Gutiérrez, Myriam
Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
title Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
title_full Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
title_short Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
title_sort dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review
topic Aging Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8740025/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35002676
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.769462
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