Cargando…
Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales
The growth of skin appendages, such as hair, feathers and scales, depends on terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. Here, we investigated keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales. Cells were isolated from the skin on the legs of 1-day old chicks and subjected to single-cell...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8742010/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34997067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04082-1 |
_version_ | 1784629618981994496 |
---|---|
author | Lachner, Julia Ehrlich, Florian Wielscher, Matthias Farlik, Matthias Hermann, Marcela Tschachler, Erwin Eckhart, Leopold |
author_facet | Lachner, Julia Ehrlich, Florian Wielscher, Matthias Farlik, Matthias Hermann, Marcela Tschachler, Erwin Eckhart, Leopold |
author_sort | Lachner, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | The growth of skin appendages, such as hair, feathers and scales, depends on terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. Here, we investigated keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales. Cells were isolated from the skin on the legs of 1-day old chicks and subjected to single-cell transcriptomics. We identified two distinct populations of differentiated keratinocytes. The first population was characterized by mRNAs encoding cysteine-rich keratins and corneous beta-proteins (CBPs), also known as beta-keratins, of the scale type, indicating that these cells form hard scales. The second population of differentiated keratinocytes contained mRNAs encoding cysteine-poor keratins and keratinocyte-type CBPs, suggesting that these cells form the soft interscale epidermis. We raised an antibody against keratin 9-like cysteine-rich 2 (KRT9LC2), which is encoded by an mRNA enriched in the first keratinocyte population. Immunostaining confirmed expression of KRT9LC2 in the suprabasal epidermal layers of scutate scales but not in interscale epidermis. Keratinocyte differentiation in chicken leg skin resembled that in human skin with regard to the transcriptional upregulation of epidermal differentiation complex genes and genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport. In conclusion, this study defines gene expression programs that build scutate scales and interscale epidermis of birds and reveals evolutionarily conserved keratinocyte differentiation genes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8742010 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87420102022-01-11 Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales Lachner, Julia Ehrlich, Florian Wielscher, Matthias Farlik, Matthias Hermann, Marcela Tschachler, Erwin Eckhart, Leopold Sci Rep Article The growth of skin appendages, such as hair, feathers and scales, depends on terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. Here, we investigated keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales. Cells were isolated from the skin on the legs of 1-day old chicks and subjected to single-cell transcriptomics. We identified two distinct populations of differentiated keratinocytes. The first population was characterized by mRNAs encoding cysteine-rich keratins and corneous beta-proteins (CBPs), also known as beta-keratins, of the scale type, indicating that these cells form hard scales. The second population of differentiated keratinocytes contained mRNAs encoding cysteine-poor keratins and keratinocyte-type CBPs, suggesting that these cells form the soft interscale epidermis. We raised an antibody against keratin 9-like cysteine-rich 2 (KRT9LC2), which is encoded by an mRNA enriched in the first keratinocyte population. Immunostaining confirmed expression of KRT9LC2 in the suprabasal epidermal layers of scutate scales but not in interscale epidermis. Keratinocyte differentiation in chicken leg skin resembled that in human skin with regard to the transcriptional upregulation of epidermal differentiation complex genes and genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport. In conclusion, this study defines gene expression programs that build scutate scales and interscale epidermis of birds and reveals evolutionarily conserved keratinocyte differentiation genes. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8742010/ /pubmed/34997067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04082-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Lachner, Julia Ehrlich, Florian Wielscher, Matthias Farlik, Matthias Hermann, Marcela Tschachler, Erwin Eckhart, Leopold Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
title | Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
title_full | Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
title_fullStr | Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
title_full_unstemmed | Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
title_short | Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
title_sort | single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8742010/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34997067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04082-1 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lachnerjulia singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales AT ehrlichflorian singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales AT wielschermatthias singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales AT farlikmatthias singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales AT hermannmarcela singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales AT tschachlererwin singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales AT eckhartleopold singlecelltranscriptomicsdefineskeratinocytedifferentiationinavianscutatescales |