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Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion
Microglia are subject to change in tandem with the endogenously generated biological oscillations known as our circadian rhythm. Studies have shown microglia harbor an intrinsic molecular clock which regulates diurnal changes in morphology and influences inflammatory responses. In the adult brain, m...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8742049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34997092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04079-w |
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author | Barahona, Rocio A. Morabito, Samuel Swarup, Vivek Green, Kim N. |
author_facet | Barahona, Rocio A. Morabito, Samuel Swarup, Vivek Green, Kim N. |
author_sort | Barahona, Rocio A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Microglia are subject to change in tandem with the endogenously generated biological oscillations known as our circadian rhythm. Studies have shown microglia harbor an intrinsic molecular clock which regulates diurnal changes in morphology and influences inflammatory responses. In the adult brain, microglia play an important role in the regulation of condensed extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets (PNNs), and it has been suggested that PNNs are also regulated in a circadian and diurnal manner. We sought to determine whether microglia mediate the diurnal regulation of PNNs via CSF1R inhibitor dependent microglial depletion in C57BL/6J mice, and how the absence of microglia might affect cortical diurnal gene expression rhythms. While we observe diurnal differences in microglial morphology, where microglia are most ramified at the onset of the dark phase, we do not find diurnal differences in PNN intensity. However, PNN intensity increases across many brain regions in the absence of microglia, supporting a role for microglia in the regulation of PNNs. Here, we also show that cortical diurnal gene expression rhythms are intact, with no cycling gene changes without microglia. These findings demonstrate a role for microglia in the maintenance of PNNs, but not in the maintenance of diurnal rhythms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8742049 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87420492022-01-11 Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion Barahona, Rocio A. Morabito, Samuel Swarup, Vivek Green, Kim N. Sci Rep Article Microglia are subject to change in tandem with the endogenously generated biological oscillations known as our circadian rhythm. Studies have shown microglia harbor an intrinsic molecular clock which regulates diurnal changes in morphology and influences inflammatory responses. In the adult brain, microglia play an important role in the regulation of condensed extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets (PNNs), and it has been suggested that PNNs are also regulated in a circadian and diurnal manner. We sought to determine whether microglia mediate the diurnal regulation of PNNs via CSF1R inhibitor dependent microglial depletion in C57BL/6J mice, and how the absence of microglia might affect cortical diurnal gene expression rhythms. While we observe diurnal differences in microglial morphology, where microglia are most ramified at the onset of the dark phase, we do not find diurnal differences in PNN intensity. However, PNN intensity increases across many brain regions in the absence of microglia, supporting a role for microglia in the regulation of PNNs. Here, we also show that cortical diurnal gene expression rhythms are intact, with no cycling gene changes without microglia. These findings demonstrate a role for microglia in the maintenance of PNNs, but not in the maintenance of diurnal rhythms. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8742049/ /pubmed/34997092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04079-w Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Barahona, Rocio A. Morabito, Samuel Swarup, Vivek Green, Kim N. Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
title | Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
title_full | Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
title_fullStr | Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
title_full_unstemmed | Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
title_short | Cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
title_sort | cortical diurnal rhythms remain intact with microglial depletion |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8742049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34997092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04079-w |
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