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Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic
CO(2) emissions are one of the major contributors to global warming. The variety of emission sources and the nature of CO(2) hinders estimating its concentration in real time and therefore to adopt flexible policies that contribute to its control and, ultimately, to reduce its effects. Spain is not...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8743041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35035123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126425 |
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author | Merchante, Luis F.S. Clar, Delia Carnicero, Alberto Lopez-Valdes, Francisco J. Jimenez-Octavio, Jesús R. |
author_facet | Merchante, Luis F.S. Clar, Delia Carnicero, Alberto Lopez-Valdes, Francisco J. Jimenez-Octavio, Jesús R. |
author_sort | Merchante, Luis F.S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | CO(2) emissions are one of the major contributors to global warming. The variety of emission sources and the nature of CO(2) hinders estimating its concentration in real time and therefore to adopt flexible policies that contribute to its control and, ultimately, to reduce its effects. Spain is not exempted from this challenge and CO(2) emissions are published only at the end of the year and as an aggregated value for the whole country, without recognising the existing differences between the regions (the so-called, Autonomous Communities). The recent COVID-19 pandemic is a clear example of the need of accurate and fast estimation methods so that policies can be tailored to the current status and not to a past one. This paper provides a method to estimate monthly emissions of CO(2) for each AACC in Spain based on data that are published monthly by the relevant administrations. The paper discusses the approximations needed in the development of the method, predicts the drop in emissions due to the reduced industrial activity during the pandemic in Spain and provides the estimation of future emissions under three recovery scenarios after the pandemic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8743041 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87430412022-01-10 Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic Merchante, Luis F.S. Clar, Delia Carnicero, Alberto Lopez-Valdes, Francisco J. Jimenez-Octavio, Jesús R. J Clean Prod Article CO(2) emissions are one of the major contributors to global warming. The variety of emission sources and the nature of CO(2) hinders estimating its concentration in real time and therefore to adopt flexible policies that contribute to its control and, ultimately, to reduce its effects. Spain is not exempted from this challenge and CO(2) emissions are published only at the end of the year and as an aggregated value for the whole country, without recognising the existing differences between the regions (the so-called, Autonomous Communities). The recent COVID-19 pandemic is a clear example of the need of accurate and fast estimation methods so that policies can be tailored to the current status and not to a past one. This paper provides a method to estimate monthly emissions of CO(2) for each AACC in Spain based on data that are published monthly by the relevant administrations. The paper discusses the approximations needed in the development of the method, predicts the drop in emissions due to the reduced industrial activity during the pandemic in Spain and provides the estimation of future emissions under three recovery scenarios after the pandemic. Elsevier Ltd. 2021-05-10 2021-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8743041/ /pubmed/35035123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126425 Text en © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Merchante, Luis F.S. Clar, Delia Carnicero, Alberto Lopez-Valdes, Francisco J. Jimenez-Octavio, Jesús R. Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic |
title | Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_full | Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_fullStr | Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_full_unstemmed | Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_short | Real-time CO(2) emissions estimation in Spain and application to the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_sort | real-time co(2) emissions estimation in spain and application to the covid-19 pandemic |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8743041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35035123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126425 |
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