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The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition

The pandemic period which has characterized the last two years has been associated with increasingly worsening psychological conditions, and previous studies have reported severe levels of anxiety, mood disorder, and psychopathological alteration in the general population. In particular, worldwide p...

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Autores principales: Favieri, Francesca, Forte, Giuseppe, Agostini, Francesca, Giovannoli, Jasmine, Di Pace, Enrico, Langher, Viviana, Tambelli, Renata, Pazzaglia, Mariella, Giannini, Anna Maria, Casagrande, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8745743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35011912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010170
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author Favieri, Francesca
Forte, Giuseppe
Agostini, Francesca
Giovannoli, Jasmine
Di Pace, Enrico
Langher, Viviana
Tambelli, Renata
Pazzaglia, Mariella
Giannini, Anna Maria
Casagrande, Maria
author_facet Favieri, Francesca
Forte, Giuseppe
Agostini, Francesca
Giovannoli, Jasmine
Di Pace, Enrico
Langher, Viviana
Tambelli, Renata
Pazzaglia, Mariella
Giannini, Anna Maria
Casagrande, Maria
author_sort Favieri, Francesca
collection PubMed
description The pandemic period which has characterized the last two years has been associated with increasingly worsening psychological conditions, and previous studies have reported severe levels of anxiety, mood disorder, and psychopathological alteration in the general population. In particular, worldwide populations have appeared to present post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Surprisingly, no studies have evaluated the effect of COVID-related PTSS on cognitive functioning. This study focused on the association between high levels of PTSS related to COVID-19 and alterations in executive functioning by considering executive inhibitions in populations not infected by the virus. Ninety respondents from the Italian population participated in the study. A higher percentage of PTSS was reported. Moreover, respondents with high post-traumatic symptomatology presented deficits in the inhibition of preponderant responses, demonstrating an executive deficit which could be expressed by a difficulty in controlling goal-directed actions. This was underlined by worse performances in elaborating incongruent stimuli in the Stroop task and no-go stimuli in the Go/No-Go task. This report presents preliminary findings underlining the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive functions. The results confirmed a persistently higher post-traumatic symptomatology related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Italian population and highlighted an association with cognitive inhibition impairment.
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spelling pubmed-87457432022-01-11 The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition Favieri, Francesca Forte, Giuseppe Agostini, Francesca Giovannoli, Jasmine Di Pace, Enrico Langher, Viviana Tambelli, Renata Pazzaglia, Mariella Giannini, Anna Maria Casagrande, Maria J Clin Med Article The pandemic period which has characterized the last two years has been associated with increasingly worsening psychological conditions, and previous studies have reported severe levels of anxiety, mood disorder, and psychopathological alteration in the general population. In particular, worldwide populations have appeared to present post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Surprisingly, no studies have evaluated the effect of COVID-related PTSS on cognitive functioning. This study focused on the association between high levels of PTSS related to COVID-19 and alterations in executive functioning by considering executive inhibitions in populations not infected by the virus. Ninety respondents from the Italian population participated in the study. A higher percentage of PTSS was reported. Moreover, respondents with high post-traumatic symptomatology presented deficits in the inhibition of preponderant responses, demonstrating an executive deficit which could be expressed by a difficulty in controlling goal-directed actions. This was underlined by worse performances in elaborating incongruent stimuli in the Stroop task and no-go stimuli in the Go/No-Go task. This report presents preliminary findings underlining the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive functions. The results confirmed a persistently higher post-traumatic symptomatology related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Italian population and highlighted an association with cognitive inhibition impairment. MDPI 2021-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8745743/ /pubmed/35011912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010170 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Favieri, Francesca
Forte, Giuseppe
Agostini, Francesca
Giovannoli, Jasmine
Di Pace, Enrico
Langher, Viviana
Tambelli, Renata
Pazzaglia, Mariella
Giannini, Anna Maria
Casagrande, Maria
The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition
title The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition
title_full The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition
title_fullStr The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition
title_full_unstemmed The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition
title_short The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition
title_sort cognitive consequences of the covid-19 pandemic on members of the general population in italy: a preliminary study on executive inhibition
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8745743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35011912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010170
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