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Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions

This article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of available numerical techniques in mapping the characteristic behavior of ballistic ceramics under projectile impact conditions. As part of the work, the ballistic tests were performed on the layered ceramic/steel composite armor and tested wi...

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Autores principales: Zochowski, Pawel, Bajkowski, Marcin, Grygoruk, Roman, Magier, Mariusz, Burian, Wojciech, Pyka, Dariusz, Bocian, Miroslaw, Jamroziak, Krzysztof
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8746134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35009163
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010018
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author Zochowski, Pawel
Bajkowski, Marcin
Grygoruk, Roman
Magier, Mariusz
Burian, Wojciech
Pyka, Dariusz
Bocian, Miroslaw
Jamroziak, Krzysztof
author_facet Zochowski, Pawel
Bajkowski, Marcin
Grygoruk, Roman
Magier, Mariusz
Burian, Wojciech
Pyka, Dariusz
Bocian, Miroslaw
Jamroziak, Krzysztof
author_sort Zochowski, Pawel
collection PubMed
description This article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of available numerical techniques in mapping the characteristic behavior of ballistic ceramics under projectile impact conditions. As part of the work, the ballistic tests were performed on the layered ceramic/steel composite armor and tested with the 7.62 × 39 mm, armor-piercing incendiary (API) BZ projectile. The experimental tests were then mapped using computer simulations. In numerical analyses, four different techniques were used to describe cubic ceramic tiles Al(2)O(3) placed on the ARMOX 500T steel backing plate, i.e.,: the Finite Element Method without Erosion (FEM), Finite Element with erosion (FEM + Erosion), Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) and a hybrid method that converts finite elements to SPH particles after exceeding the defined failure criteria (FEM to SPH conversion). The effectiveness of the individual methods was compared in terms of quality (mapping of characteristic phenomena occurring during the penetration process), quantity (bulge height of the backing plate) and time needed to complete the calculations. On the basis of the results of the experiments and numerical simulations, it was noticed that the most accurate reproduction of the phenomenon of ballistic impact of AP projectiles on ceramic/steel composite armor can be obtained by using a hybrid method, incorporating the conversion of finite elements into SPH particles. This method should be used in cases where accuracy of the results is more important than the time required to complete the calculations. In other situations where the purpose of the calculation is not to determine, for example, the exact value of penetration depth but only to observe a certain trend, the FEM method with defined erosion criteria (variant 2), which is more than 10 times faster, can be successfully used.
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spelling pubmed-87461342022-01-11 Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions Zochowski, Pawel Bajkowski, Marcin Grygoruk, Roman Magier, Mariusz Burian, Wojciech Pyka, Dariusz Bocian, Miroslaw Jamroziak, Krzysztof Materials (Basel) Article This article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of available numerical techniques in mapping the characteristic behavior of ballistic ceramics under projectile impact conditions. As part of the work, the ballistic tests were performed on the layered ceramic/steel composite armor and tested with the 7.62 × 39 mm, armor-piercing incendiary (API) BZ projectile. The experimental tests were then mapped using computer simulations. In numerical analyses, four different techniques were used to describe cubic ceramic tiles Al(2)O(3) placed on the ARMOX 500T steel backing plate, i.e.,: the Finite Element Method without Erosion (FEM), Finite Element with erosion (FEM + Erosion), Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) and a hybrid method that converts finite elements to SPH particles after exceeding the defined failure criteria (FEM to SPH conversion). The effectiveness of the individual methods was compared in terms of quality (mapping of characteristic phenomena occurring during the penetration process), quantity (bulge height of the backing plate) and time needed to complete the calculations. On the basis of the results of the experiments and numerical simulations, it was noticed that the most accurate reproduction of the phenomenon of ballistic impact of AP projectiles on ceramic/steel composite armor can be obtained by using a hybrid method, incorporating the conversion of finite elements into SPH particles. This method should be used in cases where accuracy of the results is more important than the time required to complete the calculations. In other situations where the purpose of the calculation is not to determine, for example, the exact value of penetration depth but only to observe a certain trend, the FEM method with defined erosion criteria (variant 2), which is more than 10 times faster, can be successfully used. MDPI 2021-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8746134/ /pubmed/35009163 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010018 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zochowski, Pawel
Bajkowski, Marcin
Grygoruk, Roman
Magier, Mariusz
Burian, Wojciech
Pyka, Dariusz
Bocian, Miroslaw
Jamroziak, Krzysztof
Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions
title Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions
title_full Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions
title_fullStr Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions
title_short Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions
title_sort comparison of numerical simulation techniques of ballistic ceramics under projectile impact conditions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8746134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35009163
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010018
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