Cargando…
The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. The pathogenesis of NEC is not completely understood; however, intestinal immaturity and excessive immunoreactivity of intestinal mucosa to intraluminal microbes and nutrients appear to have critica...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8746672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35011027 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010145 |
_version_ | 1784630644192575488 |
---|---|
author | Alshaikh, Belal N. Reyes Loredo, Adriana Knauff, Megan Momin, Sarfaraz Moossavi, Shirin |
author_facet | Alshaikh, Belal N. Reyes Loredo, Adriana Knauff, Megan Momin, Sarfaraz Moossavi, Shirin |
author_sort | Alshaikh, Belal N. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. The pathogenesis of NEC is not completely understood; however, intestinal immaturity and excessive immunoreactivity of intestinal mucosa to intraluminal microbes and nutrients appear to have critical roles. Dietary fats are not only the main source of energy for preterm infants, but also exert potent effects on intestinal development, intestinal microbial colonization, immune function, and inflammatory response. Preterm infants have a relatively low capacity to digest and absorb triglyceride fat. Fat may thereby accumulate in the ileum and contribute to the development of NEC by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Some fat components, such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), also exert immunomodulatory roles during the early postnatal period when the immune system is rapidly developing. LC-PUFAs may have the ability to modulate the inflammatory process of NEC, particularly when the balance between n3 and n6 LC-PUFAs derivatives is maintained. Supplementation with n3 LC-PUFAs alone may have limited effect on NEC prevention. In this review, we describe how various fatty acids play different roles in the pathogenesis of NEC in preterm infants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8746672 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87466722022-01-11 The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Alshaikh, Belal N. Reyes Loredo, Adriana Knauff, Megan Momin, Sarfaraz Moossavi, Shirin Nutrients Review Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. The pathogenesis of NEC is not completely understood; however, intestinal immaturity and excessive immunoreactivity of intestinal mucosa to intraluminal microbes and nutrients appear to have critical roles. Dietary fats are not only the main source of energy for preterm infants, but also exert potent effects on intestinal development, intestinal microbial colonization, immune function, and inflammatory response. Preterm infants have a relatively low capacity to digest and absorb triglyceride fat. Fat may thereby accumulate in the ileum and contribute to the development of NEC by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Some fat components, such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), also exert immunomodulatory roles during the early postnatal period when the immune system is rapidly developing. LC-PUFAs may have the ability to modulate the inflammatory process of NEC, particularly when the balance between n3 and n6 LC-PUFAs derivatives is maintained. Supplementation with n3 LC-PUFAs alone may have limited effect on NEC prevention. In this review, we describe how various fatty acids play different roles in the pathogenesis of NEC in preterm infants. MDPI 2021-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8746672/ /pubmed/35011027 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010145 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Alshaikh, Belal N. Reyes Loredo, Adriana Knauff, Megan Momin, Sarfaraz Moossavi, Shirin The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
title | The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
title_full | The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
title_fullStr | The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
title_short | The Role of Dietary Fats in the Development and Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
title_sort | role of dietary fats in the development and prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8746672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35011027 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010145 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT alshaikhbelaln theroleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT reyesloredoadriana theroleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT knauffmegan theroleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT mominsarfaraz theroleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT moossavishirin theroleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT alshaikhbelaln roleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT reyesloredoadriana roleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT knauffmegan roleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT mominsarfaraz roleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis AT moossavishirin roleofdietaryfatsinthedevelopmentandpreventionofnecrotizingenterocolitis |