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Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan
Pivotal anatomical innovations often seem to appear by chance when viewed through the lens of the fossil record. As a consequence, specific driving forces behind the origination of major organismal clades generally remain speculative. Here, we present a rare exception to this axiom by constraining t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8748437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35013524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02971-9 |
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author | Thuy, Ben Eriksson, Mats E. Kutscher, Manfred Lindgren, Johan Numberger-Thuy, Lea D. Wright, David F. |
author_facet | Thuy, Ben Eriksson, Mats E. Kutscher, Manfred Lindgren, Johan Numberger-Thuy, Lea D. Wright, David F. |
author_sort | Thuy, Ben |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pivotal anatomical innovations often seem to appear by chance when viewed through the lens of the fossil record. As a consequence, specific driving forces behind the origination of major organismal clades generally remain speculative. Here, we present a rare exception to this axiom by constraining the appearance of a diverse animal group (the living Ophiuroidea) to a single speciation event rather than hypothetical ancestors. Fossils belonging to a new pair of temporally consecutive species of brittle stars (Ophiopetagno paicei gen. et sp. nov. and Muldaster haakei gen. et sp. nov.) from the Silurian (444–419 Mya) of Sweden reveal a process of miniaturization that temporally coincides with a global extinction and environmental perturbation known as the Mulde Event. The reduction in size from O. paicei to M. haakei forced a structural simplification of the ophiuroid skeleton through ontogenetic retention of juvenile traits, thereby generating the modern brittle star bauplan. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8748437 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87484372022-01-20 Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan Thuy, Ben Eriksson, Mats E. Kutscher, Manfred Lindgren, Johan Numberger-Thuy, Lea D. Wright, David F. Commun Biol Article Pivotal anatomical innovations often seem to appear by chance when viewed through the lens of the fossil record. As a consequence, specific driving forces behind the origination of major organismal clades generally remain speculative. Here, we present a rare exception to this axiom by constraining the appearance of a diverse animal group (the living Ophiuroidea) to a single speciation event rather than hypothetical ancestors. Fossils belonging to a new pair of temporally consecutive species of brittle stars (Ophiopetagno paicei gen. et sp. nov. and Muldaster haakei gen. et sp. nov.) from the Silurian (444–419 Mya) of Sweden reveal a process of miniaturization that temporally coincides with a global extinction and environmental perturbation known as the Mulde Event. The reduction in size from O. paicei to M. haakei forced a structural simplification of the ophiuroid skeleton through ontogenetic retention of juvenile traits, thereby generating the modern brittle star bauplan. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8748437/ /pubmed/35013524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02971-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Thuy, Ben Eriksson, Mats E. Kutscher, Manfred Lindgren, Johan Numberger-Thuy, Lea D. Wright, David F. Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
title | Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
title_full | Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
title_fullStr | Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
title_full_unstemmed | Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
title_short | Miniaturization during a Silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
title_sort | miniaturization during a silurian environmental crisis generated the modern brittle star body plan |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8748437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35013524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02971-9 |
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