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Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases

Schistosomiasis is one of the snail-borne diseases responsible for the second-highest burden of diseases among neglected tropical diseases. The use of mass drug administration to the populations most at risk is a backbone of the strategy to prevent and control schistosomiasis transmission. However,...

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Autores principales: Olkeba, Beekam Kebede, Boets, Pieter, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Mandefro, Belayhun, Debesa, Gemechu, Ahmednur, Mahmud, Ambelu, Argaw, Korma, Wolyu, Goethals, Peter L. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8750326/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35010399
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010142
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author Olkeba, Beekam Kebede
Boets, Pieter
Mereta, Seid Tiku
Mandefro, Belayhun
Debesa, Gemechu
Ahmednur, Mahmud
Ambelu, Argaw
Korma, Wolyu
Goethals, Peter L. M.
author_facet Olkeba, Beekam Kebede
Boets, Pieter
Mereta, Seid Tiku
Mandefro, Belayhun
Debesa, Gemechu
Ahmednur, Mahmud
Ambelu, Argaw
Korma, Wolyu
Goethals, Peter L. M.
author_sort Olkeba, Beekam Kebede
collection PubMed
description Schistosomiasis is one of the snail-borne diseases responsible for the second-highest burden of diseases among neglected tropical diseases. The use of mass drug administration to the populations most at risk is a backbone of the strategy to prevent and control schistosomiasis transmission. However, it offers no protection against re-infection, and humans are often re-exposed when they return to water bodies where snails release cercariae. Surveys on cercarial infection in snails could provide better insights on human disease risk. Hence, in this study, we investigated cercarial infection in snails and also determined the epidemiology of Schistosoma mansoni among fishermen at Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes. Freshwater snails were collected from the shorelines of Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes for examination of cercarial infection during 2020. Environmental data on water quality variables and physical characteristics of snail habitats were collected. Stool samples were collected from fishermen and the Kato-Katz technique was applied for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni eggs. A malacological survey indicated that six morphologically distinguishable types of cercariae were found in snails. Infected snails with cercaria were more likely present in habitats with high five-day biological oxygen demand and low dissolved oxygen. The overall prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among the fishermen at Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes was found to be 21.5%. This indicates that fishermen at Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes are one of the groups of people harboring schistosome cercariae which are potentially responsible for the transmission of schistosomiasis to lakeshore communities who have contact with lake water. Therefore, complementary medical treatment, public health interventions, environmental management and snail reduction are needed to control the transmission of schistosomiasis.
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spelling pubmed-87503262022-01-12 Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases Olkeba, Beekam Kebede Boets, Pieter Mereta, Seid Tiku Mandefro, Belayhun Debesa, Gemechu Ahmednur, Mahmud Ambelu, Argaw Korma, Wolyu Goethals, Peter L. M. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Schistosomiasis is one of the snail-borne diseases responsible for the second-highest burden of diseases among neglected tropical diseases. The use of mass drug administration to the populations most at risk is a backbone of the strategy to prevent and control schistosomiasis transmission. However, it offers no protection against re-infection, and humans are often re-exposed when they return to water bodies where snails release cercariae. Surveys on cercarial infection in snails could provide better insights on human disease risk. Hence, in this study, we investigated cercarial infection in snails and also determined the epidemiology of Schistosoma mansoni among fishermen at Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes. Freshwater snails were collected from the shorelines of Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes for examination of cercarial infection during 2020. Environmental data on water quality variables and physical characteristics of snail habitats were collected. Stool samples were collected from fishermen and the Kato-Katz technique was applied for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni eggs. A malacological survey indicated that six morphologically distinguishable types of cercariae were found in snails. Infected snails with cercaria were more likely present in habitats with high five-day biological oxygen demand and low dissolved oxygen. The overall prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among the fishermen at Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes was found to be 21.5%. This indicates that fishermen at Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes are one of the groups of people harboring schistosome cercariae which are potentially responsible for the transmission of schistosomiasis to lakeshore communities who have contact with lake water. Therefore, complementary medical treatment, public health interventions, environmental management and snail reduction are needed to control the transmission of schistosomiasis. MDPI 2021-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8750326/ /pubmed/35010399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010142 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Olkeba, Beekam Kebede
Boets, Pieter
Mereta, Seid Tiku
Mandefro, Belayhun
Debesa, Gemechu
Ahmednur, Mahmud
Ambelu, Argaw
Korma, Wolyu
Goethals, Peter L. M.
Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases
title Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases
title_full Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases
title_fullStr Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases
title_short Malacological and Parasitological Surveys on Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Implications for Control and Elimination of Snail-Borne Diseases
title_sort malacological and parasitological surveys on ethiopian rift valley lakes: implications for control and elimination of snail-borne diseases
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8750326/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35010399
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010142
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