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Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19

High ferritin serum levels can be found in patients with macrophage activation syndrome, and increased serum ferritin due to cytokine storm have been reported in severe COVID-19 patients. Saliva is being increasingly used in COVID-19 tests as a diagnostic sample for virus detection and quantificatio...

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Autores principales: Franco-Martínez, Lorena, Cerón, José J., Vicente-Romero, María R., Bernal, Enrique, Torres Cantero, Alberto, Tecles, Fernando, Sánchez Resalt, Cristina, Martínez, Mónica, Tvarijonaviciute, Asta, Martínez-Subiela, Silvia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8751062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35010300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010041
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author Franco-Martínez, Lorena
Cerón, José J.
Vicente-Romero, María R.
Bernal, Enrique
Torres Cantero, Alberto
Tecles, Fernando
Sánchez Resalt, Cristina
Martínez, Mónica
Tvarijonaviciute, Asta
Martínez-Subiela, Silvia
author_facet Franco-Martínez, Lorena
Cerón, José J.
Vicente-Romero, María R.
Bernal, Enrique
Torres Cantero, Alberto
Tecles, Fernando
Sánchez Resalt, Cristina
Martínez, Mónica
Tvarijonaviciute, Asta
Martínez-Subiela, Silvia
author_sort Franco-Martínez, Lorena
collection PubMed
description High ferritin serum levels can be found in patients with macrophage activation syndrome, and increased serum ferritin due to cytokine storm have been reported in severe COVID-19 patients. Saliva is being increasingly used in COVID-19 tests as a diagnostic sample for virus detection and quantification. This study aimed to evaluate the possible changes in ferritin in saliva in COVID-19 patients. In addition, the effects of different inactivation SARS-CoV-2 treatments in ferritin measurements in saliva, the correlation between ferritin in saliva and serum, and the possible effects of correction of ferritin values by total protein were assessed. Ferritin was measured in saliva from healthy (n = 30) and COVID-19 (n = 65) patients with severe, (n = 18) or mild (n = 47) disease, depending on the need for nasal flow oxygen or assisted respiration. Ferritin was also measured in paired serum and saliva samples (n = 32) from healthy and COVID-19 patients. The evaluated inactivation protocols did not affect the assay’s results except the addition of 0.5% SDS. Significantly higher ferritin was found in the saliva of COVID-19 patients (median; 25–75th percentile) (27.75; 9.77–52.2 µg/L), compared with healthy controls (4.21; 2.6–8.08 µg/L). Individuals with severe COVID-19 showed higher ferritin values in saliva (48.7; 18.7–53.9) than mild ones (15.5; 5.28–41.3 µg/L). Significant correlation (r = 0.425; p < 0.001) was found between serum and saliva in ferritin. Ferritin levels were higher in COVID-19 patients in serum and saliva, and the highest values were found in those patients presenting severe symptomatology. In conclusion, ferritin in saliva has the potential to be a biomarker to evaluate severity in patients with COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-87510622022-01-12 Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19 Franco-Martínez, Lorena Cerón, José J. Vicente-Romero, María R. Bernal, Enrique Torres Cantero, Alberto Tecles, Fernando Sánchez Resalt, Cristina Martínez, Mónica Tvarijonaviciute, Asta Martínez-Subiela, Silvia Int J Environ Res Public Health Article High ferritin serum levels can be found in patients with macrophage activation syndrome, and increased serum ferritin due to cytokine storm have been reported in severe COVID-19 patients. Saliva is being increasingly used in COVID-19 tests as a diagnostic sample for virus detection and quantification. This study aimed to evaluate the possible changes in ferritin in saliva in COVID-19 patients. In addition, the effects of different inactivation SARS-CoV-2 treatments in ferritin measurements in saliva, the correlation between ferritin in saliva and serum, and the possible effects of correction of ferritin values by total protein were assessed. Ferritin was measured in saliva from healthy (n = 30) and COVID-19 (n = 65) patients with severe, (n = 18) or mild (n = 47) disease, depending on the need for nasal flow oxygen or assisted respiration. Ferritin was also measured in paired serum and saliva samples (n = 32) from healthy and COVID-19 patients. The evaluated inactivation protocols did not affect the assay’s results except the addition of 0.5% SDS. Significantly higher ferritin was found in the saliva of COVID-19 patients (median; 25–75th percentile) (27.75; 9.77–52.2 µg/L), compared with healthy controls (4.21; 2.6–8.08 µg/L). Individuals with severe COVID-19 showed higher ferritin values in saliva (48.7; 18.7–53.9) than mild ones (15.5; 5.28–41.3 µg/L). Significant correlation (r = 0.425; p < 0.001) was found between serum and saliva in ferritin. Ferritin levels were higher in COVID-19 patients in serum and saliva, and the highest values were found in those patients presenting severe symptomatology. In conclusion, ferritin in saliva has the potential to be a biomarker to evaluate severity in patients with COVID-19. MDPI 2021-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8751062/ /pubmed/35010300 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010041 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Franco-Martínez, Lorena
Cerón, José J.
Vicente-Romero, María R.
Bernal, Enrique
Torres Cantero, Alberto
Tecles, Fernando
Sánchez Resalt, Cristina
Martínez, Mónica
Tvarijonaviciute, Asta
Martínez-Subiela, Silvia
Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19
title Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19
title_full Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19
title_fullStr Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19
title_short Salivary Ferritin Changes in Patients with COVID-19
title_sort salivary ferritin changes in patients with covid-19
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8751062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35010300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010041
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