Bakry–Émery Ricci Curvature Bounds for Doubly Warped Products of Weighted Spaces

We introduce a notion of doubly warped product of weighted graphs that is consistent with the doubly warped product in the Riemannian setting. We establish various discrete Bakry–Émery Ricci curvature-dimension bounds for such warped products in terms of the curvature of the constituent graphs. This requires deliberate analysis of the quadratic forms involved, prompting the introduction of some crucial notions such as curvature saturation at a vertex. In the spirit of being thorough and to provide a frame of reference, we also introduce the [Formula: see text] -doubly warped products of smooth measure spaces and establish [Formula: see text] -Bakry–Émery Ricci curvature (lower) bounds thereof in terms of those of the factors. At the end of these notes, we present examples and demonstrate applications of warped products with some toy models.