Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Limbic Encephalitis during Treatment with Atezolizumab in a Patient with Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is associated with malignancies, including small-cell lung cancer. Recently, PNS cases among patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors have increased. We herein report a 66-year-old man with SCLC who developed disor...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nakashima, Koki, Demura, Yoshiki, Kurokawa, Kosuke, Takeda, Toshihiro, Jikuya, Norihiro, Oi, Masahiro, Tada, Toshihiko, Akai, Masaya, Ishizuka, Tamotsu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
Materias:
Case Report
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8758326/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35036012
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9290922
Descripción
Sumario:Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is associated with malignancies, including small-cell lung cancer. Recently, PNS cases among patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors have increased. We herein report a 66-year-old man with SCLC who developed disorientation, dysphagia, and gait disturbance after three courses of treatment with atezolizumab. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high-intensity area in the bilateral temporal lobes. Blood test results were positive for anti-Hu and anti-Zic4 antibodies, which led to the diagnosis of limbic encephalitis as PNS. Some symptoms improved with intravenous administration of steroids and immunoglobulins.

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