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Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex
The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism’s spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Physiological Society
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8759973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34254836 http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00042.2020 |
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author | Tukker, John J. Beed, Prateep Brecht, Michael Kempter, Richard Moser, Edvard I. Schmitz, Dietmar |
author_facet | Tukker, John J. Beed, Prateep Brecht, Michael Kempter, Richard Moser, Edvard I. Schmitz, Dietmar |
author_sort | Tukker, John J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism’s spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host of other functionally defined cell types including head direction cells, speed cells, border cells, and object-vector cells. Such spatial coding emerges from the processing of external inputs by local microcircuits. However, it remains unclear exactly how local microcircuits and their dynamics within the MEC contribute to spatial discharge patterns. In this review we focus on recent investigations of intrinsic MEC connectivity, which have started to describe and quantify both excitatory and inhibitory wiring in the superficial layers of the MEC. Although the picture is far from complete, it appears that these layers contain robust recurrent connectivity that could sustain the attractor dynamics posited to underlie grid pattern formation. These findings pave the way to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8759973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | American Physiological Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87599732022-02-07 Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex Tukker, John J. Beed, Prateep Brecht, Michael Kempter, Richard Moser, Edvard I. Schmitz, Dietmar Physiol Rev Review The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism’s spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host of other functionally defined cell types including head direction cells, speed cells, border cells, and object-vector cells. Such spatial coding emerges from the processing of external inputs by local microcircuits. However, it remains unclear exactly how local microcircuits and their dynamics within the MEC contribute to spatial discharge patterns. In this review we focus on recent investigations of intrinsic MEC connectivity, which have started to describe and quantify both excitatory and inhibitory wiring in the superficial layers of the MEC. Although the picture is far from complete, it appears that these layers contain robust recurrent connectivity that could sustain the attractor dynamics posited to underlie grid pattern formation. These findings pave the way to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory. American Physiological Society 2022-04-01 2021-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8759973/ /pubmed/34254836 http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00042.2020 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . Published by the American Physiological Society. |
spellingShingle | Review Tukker, John J. Beed, Prateep Brecht, Michael Kempter, Richard Moser, Edvard I. Schmitz, Dietmar Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
title | Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
title_full | Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
title_fullStr | Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
title_full_unstemmed | Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
title_short | Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
title_sort | microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8759973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34254836 http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00042.2020 |
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