Autologous Posterior Rectus Sheath as a Vascularized Onlay Flap: a Novel Approach to Hiatal Hernia Repair

INTRODUCTION: Complex and recurrent paraesophageal hernia repairs are a challenge for surgeons due to their high recurrence rates despite the use of various prosthetic and suturing techniques. METHODS: Here we describe the use of vascularized fascia harvested from the posterior rectus sheath with peritoneum during robotic hiatal hernia repair in two patients with large complex diaphragmatic defects. RESULTS: Successful harvesting and onlay of the right posterior rectus sheath based on a falciform vascular pedicle was achieved robotically by rotating and securing the flap to the diaphragmatic hiatus as an onlay flap following cruroplasty of the hiatal defect. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with difficult to repair large paraesophageal hernias, we demonstrate a promising new technique to restore the dynamic hiatal complex with the tensile strength of autologous vascularized fascia and peritoneum. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11605-021-05134-7.