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Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is present in both adults and children. The most common clinical manifestations are optic neuritis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and brain...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8762331/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046784 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.782490 |
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author | Shu, Hang Ding, Manqiu Shang, Pei Song, Jia Lang, Yue Cui, Li |
author_facet | Shu, Hang Ding, Manqiu Shang, Pei Song, Jia Lang, Yue Cui, Li |
author_sort | Shu, Hang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is present in both adults and children. The most common clinical manifestations are optic neuritis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and brainstem syndrome. Cerebral cortical encephalitis (CCE) is a rare clinical phenotype of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), which usually begins with seizures, headaches, and fever, and may be misdiagnosed as viral encephalitis in the early stages. Herein, we report two typical MOG antibody (MOG-Ab)-positive patients presenting with CCE, both of whom presented with headache, fever, seizures, and who recovered completely after immunotherapy. In addition, we performed a systematic review of the present literature from the perspectives of population characteristics, clinical symptoms, MRI abnormalities, treatments, and prognosis. Among the patients reported in 25 articles, 33 met our inclusion criteria, with the age of onset ranging from 4 to 52 years. Most of the patients had seizures, headache, fever, and unilateral cortical lesions on brain MRI. For acute CCE, 30 patients were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, and the symptoms of most patients were completely relieved after immunotherapy. This study reported our experience and lessons learned in the diagnosis and treatment of MOG-Ab-positive CCE and provides a systematic review of the literature to analyse this rare clinical phenotype. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8762331 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87623312022-01-18 Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature Shu, Hang Ding, Manqiu Shang, Pei Song, Jia Lang, Yue Cui, Li Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is present in both adults and children. The most common clinical manifestations are optic neuritis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and brainstem syndrome. Cerebral cortical encephalitis (CCE) is a rare clinical phenotype of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), which usually begins with seizures, headaches, and fever, and may be misdiagnosed as viral encephalitis in the early stages. Herein, we report two typical MOG antibody (MOG-Ab)-positive patients presenting with CCE, both of whom presented with headache, fever, seizures, and who recovered completely after immunotherapy. In addition, we performed a systematic review of the present literature from the perspectives of population characteristics, clinical symptoms, MRI abnormalities, treatments, and prognosis. Among the patients reported in 25 articles, 33 met our inclusion criteria, with the age of onset ranging from 4 to 52 years. Most of the patients had seizures, headache, fever, and unilateral cortical lesions on brain MRI. For acute CCE, 30 patients were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, and the symptoms of most patients were completely relieved after immunotherapy. This study reported our experience and lessons learned in the diagnosis and treatment of MOG-Ab-positive CCE and provides a systematic review of the literature to analyse this rare clinical phenotype. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8762331/ /pubmed/35046784 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.782490 Text en Copyright © 2022 Shu, Ding, Shang, Song, Lang and Cui. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Shu, Hang Ding, Manqiu Shang, Pei Song, Jia Lang, Yue Cui, Li Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature |
title | Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature |
title_full | Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature |
title_fullStr | Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature |
title_full_unstemmed | Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature |
title_short | Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Cerebral Cortical Encephalitis: Case Reports and Review of Literature |
title_sort | myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated cerebral cortical encephalitis: case reports and review of literature |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8762331/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046784 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.782490 |
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