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Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks

BACKGROUND: As part of the public health outbreak investigations, serological surveys were carried out following two COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020 and October 2020 in one long term care facility (LTCF) in British Columbia, Canada. This study describes the serostatus of the LTCF residents and moni...

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Autores principales: Tanunliong, Guadalein, Liu, Aaron, Vijh, Rohit, Pidduck, Tamara, Kustra, Jesse, Márquez, Ana Citlali, Choi, Alexandra, McLennan, Meghan, Hayden, Althea, Kearney, Christy, Gantt, Soren, Krajden, Mel, Morshed, Muhammad, Jassem, Agatha N., Sekirov, Inna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8763385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046939
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.775420
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author Tanunliong, Guadalein
Liu, Aaron
Vijh, Rohit
Pidduck, Tamara
Kustra, Jesse
Márquez, Ana Citlali
Choi, Alexandra
McLennan, Meghan
Hayden, Althea
Kearney, Christy
Gantt, Soren
Krajden, Mel
Morshed, Muhammad
Jassem, Agatha N.
Sekirov, Inna
author_facet Tanunliong, Guadalein
Liu, Aaron
Vijh, Rohit
Pidduck, Tamara
Kustra, Jesse
Márquez, Ana Citlali
Choi, Alexandra
McLennan, Meghan
Hayden, Althea
Kearney, Christy
Gantt, Soren
Krajden, Mel
Morshed, Muhammad
Jassem, Agatha N.
Sekirov, Inna
author_sort Tanunliong, Guadalein
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: As part of the public health outbreak investigations, serological surveys were carried out following two COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020 and October 2020 in one long term care facility (LTCF) in British Columbia, Canada. This study describes the serostatus of the LTCF residents and monitors changes in their humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses (HCoV) over seven months. METHODS: A total of 132 serum samples were collected from all 106 consenting residents (aged 54-102) post-first outbreak (N=87) and post-second outbreak (N=45) in one LTCF; 26/106 participants provided their serum following both COVID-19 outbreaks, permitting longitudinal comparisons between surveys. Health-Canada approved commercial serologic tests and a pan-coronavirus multiplexed immunoassay were used to evaluate antibody levels against the spike protein, nucleocapsid, and receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the spike proteins of HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43. Statistical analyses were performed to describe the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 among residents longitudinally. FINDINGS: Survey findings demonstrated that among the 26 individuals that participated in both surveys, all 10 individuals seropositive after the first outbreak continued to be seropositive following the second outbreak, with no reinfections identified among them. SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in the second outbreak was lower (28.6%) than in the first outbreak (40.2%), though not statistically significant (P>0.05). Gradual waning of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was observed on commercial (median Δ=-3.7, P=0.0098) and multiplexed immunoassay (median Δ=-169579, P=0.014) platforms; however, anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies did not exhibit a statistically significant decline over 7 months. Elevated antibody levels for beta-HCoVs OC43 (P<0.0001) and HKU1 (P=0.0027) were observed among individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 compared to seronegative individuals. CONCLUSION: Our study utilized well-validated serological platforms to demonstrate that humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 persisted for at least 7 months. Elevated OC43 and HKU1 antibodies among SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals may be attributed to cross reaction and/or boosting of humoral response.
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spelling pubmed-87633852022-01-18 Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks Tanunliong, Guadalein Liu, Aaron Vijh, Rohit Pidduck, Tamara Kustra, Jesse Márquez, Ana Citlali Choi, Alexandra McLennan, Meghan Hayden, Althea Kearney, Christy Gantt, Soren Krajden, Mel Morshed, Muhammad Jassem, Agatha N. Sekirov, Inna Front Immunol Immunology BACKGROUND: As part of the public health outbreak investigations, serological surveys were carried out following two COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020 and October 2020 in one long term care facility (LTCF) in British Columbia, Canada. This study describes the serostatus of the LTCF residents and monitors changes in their humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses (HCoV) over seven months. METHODS: A total of 132 serum samples were collected from all 106 consenting residents (aged 54-102) post-first outbreak (N=87) and post-second outbreak (N=45) in one LTCF; 26/106 participants provided their serum following both COVID-19 outbreaks, permitting longitudinal comparisons between surveys. Health-Canada approved commercial serologic tests and a pan-coronavirus multiplexed immunoassay were used to evaluate antibody levels against the spike protein, nucleocapsid, and receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the spike proteins of HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43. Statistical analyses were performed to describe the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 among residents longitudinally. FINDINGS: Survey findings demonstrated that among the 26 individuals that participated in both surveys, all 10 individuals seropositive after the first outbreak continued to be seropositive following the second outbreak, with no reinfections identified among them. SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in the second outbreak was lower (28.6%) than in the first outbreak (40.2%), though not statistically significant (P>0.05). Gradual waning of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was observed on commercial (median Δ=-3.7, P=0.0098) and multiplexed immunoassay (median Δ=-169579, P=0.014) platforms; however, anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies did not exhibit a statistically significant decline over 7 months. Elevated antibody levels for beta-HCoVs OC43 (P<0.0001) and HKU1 (P=0.0027) were observed among individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 compared to seronegative individuals. CONCLUSION: Our study utilized well-validated serological platforms to demonstrate that humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 persisted for at least 7 months. Elevated OC43 and HKU1 antibodies among SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals may be attributed to cross reaction and/or boosting of humoral response. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8763385/ /pubmed/35046939 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.775420 Text en Copyright © 2022 Tanunliong, Liu, Vijh, Pidduck, Kustra, Márquez, Choi, McLennan, Hayden, Kearney, Gantt, Krajden, Morshed, Jassem and Sekirov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Tanunliong, Guadalein
Liu, Aaron
Vijh, Rohit
Pidduck, Tamara
Kustra, Jesse
Márquez, Ana Citlali
Choi, Alexandra
McLennan, Meghan
Hayden, Althea
Kearney, Christy
Gantt, Soren
Krajden, Mel
Morshed, Muhammad
Jassem, Agatha N.
Sekirov, Inna
Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
title Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
title_full Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
title_fullStr Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
title_full_unstemmed Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
title_short Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
title_sort persistence of anti-sars-cov-2 antibodies in long term care residents over seven months after two covid-19 outbreaks
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8763385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046939
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.775420
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