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Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) interferes with neurodevelopment. The brain is particularly susceptible to the adverse consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure, and numerous studies have documented changes to brain anatomy and function, as well as consequences for cognition, behavior, and mental he...

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Autores principales: Moore, Eileen M., Xia, Yingjing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8763806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058760
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.695855
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author Moore, Eileen M.
Xia, Yingjing
author_facet Moore, Eileen M.
Xia, Yingjing
author_sort Moore, Eileen M.
collection PubMed
description Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) interferes with neurodevelopment. The brain is particularly susceptible to the adverse consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure, and numerous studies have documented changes to brain anatomy and function, as well as consequences for cognition, behavior, and mental health. Studies in typically developing individuals have shown that the brain undergoes dynamic developmental processes over an individual’s lifespan. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders have shown that their developmental trajectories differ from the typical pattern. Therefore, to understand long-term clinical outcomes of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), it is necessary to investigate changes in neurodevelopmental trajectories in this population. Here we review studies that have used MRI to evaluate changes in brain structure and function over time via cross-sectional or longitudinal methods in individuals with PAE. Research demonstrates that individuals with PAE have atypical cortical and white matter microstructural developmental trajectories through childhood and adolescence. More research is needed to understand how factors such as sex and postnatal experiences may further mediate these trajectories. Furthermore, nothing is known about the trajectories beyond young adulthood.
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spelling pubmed-87638062022-01-19 Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Moore, Eileen M. Xia, Yingjing Front Hum Neurosci Human Neuroscience Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) interferes with neurodevelopment. The brain is particularly susceptible to the adverse consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure, and numerous studies have documented changes to brain anatomy and function, as well as consequences for cognition, behavior, and mental health. Studies in typically developing individuals have shown that the brain undergoes dynamic developmental processes over an individual’s lifespan. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders have shown that their developmental trajectories differ from the typical pattern. Therefore, to understand long-term clinical outcomes of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), it is necessary to investigate changes in neurodevelopmental trajectories in this population. Here we review studies that have used MRI to evaluate changes in brain structure and function over time via cross-sectional or longitudinal methods in individuals with PAE. Research demonstrates that individuals with PAE have atypical cortical and white matter microstructural developmental trajectories through childhood and adolescence. More research is needed to understand how factors such as sex and postnatal experiences may further mediate these trajectories. Furthermore, nothing is known about the trajectories beyond young adulthood. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8763806/ /pubmed/35058760 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.695855 Text en Copyright © 2022 Moore and Xia. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Human Neuroscience
Moore, Eileen M.
Xia, Yingjing
Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
title Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
title_full Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
title_fullStr Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
title_full_unstemmed Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
title_short Neurodevelopmental Trajectories Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
title_sort neurodevelopmental trajectories following prenatal alcohol exposure
topic Human Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8763806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058760
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.695855
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