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Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively blocks HIV replication but cannot completely eliminate HIV from the body mainly due to establishment of a viral reservoir. To date, clinical strategies designed to replace cART for life and alternatively to eliminate the HIV reservoir have failed...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8765339/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058938 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.811471 |
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author | Navarrete-Muñoz, Maria A. Llorens, Carlos Benito, José M. Rallón, Norma |
author_facet | Navarrete-Muñoz, Maria A. Llorens, Carlos Benito, José M. Rallón, Norma |
author_sort | Navarrete-Muñoz, Maria A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively blocks HIV replication but cannot completely eliminate HIV from the body mainly due to establishment of a viral reservoir. To date, clinical strategies designed to replace cART for life and alternatively to eliminate the HIV reservoir have failed. The reduced expression of viral antigens in the latently infected cells is one of the main reasons behind the failure of the strategies to purge the HIV reservoir. This situation has forced the scientific community to search alternative therapeutic strategies to control HIV infection. In this regard, recent findings have pointed out extracellular vesicles as therapeutic agents with enormous potential to control HIV infection. This review focuses on their role as pro-viral and anti-viral factors, as well as their potential therapeutic applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8765339 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87653392022-01-19 Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection Navarrete-Muñoz, Maria A. Llorens, Carlos Benito, José M. Rallón, Norma Front Immunol Immunology Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively blocks HIV replication but cannot completely eliminate HIV from the body mainly due to establishment of a viral reservoir. To date, clinical strategies designed to replace cART for life and alternatively to eliminate the HIV reservoir have failed. The reduced expression of viral antigens in the latently infected cells is one of the main reasons behind the failure of the strategies to purge the HIV reservoir. This situation has forced the scientific community to search alternative therapeutic strategies to control HIV infection. In this regard, recent findings have pointed out extracellular vesicles as therapeutic agents with enormous potential to control HIV infection. This review focuses on their role as pro-viral and anti-viral factors, as well as their potential therapeutic applications. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8765339/ /pubmed/35058938 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.811471 Text en Copyright © 2022 Navarrete-Muñoz, Llorens, Benito and Rallón https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Navarrete-Muñoz, Maria A. Llorens, Carlos Benito, José M. Rallón, Norma Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection |
title | Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection |
title_full | Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection |
title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection |
title_short | Extracellular Vesicles as a New Promising Therapy in HIV Infection |
title_sort | extracellular vesicles as a new promising therapy in hiv infection |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8765339/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058938 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.811471 |
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