Evolución del estado nutricional, parámetros inmunológicos y virológicos en niños con VIH de transmisión vertical bajo tratamiento antirretroviral

INTRODUCTION: continuous growth monitoring allows the identification of anthropometric and metabolic disorders as an integral part of HIV treatment. It was proposed to analyze the evolution of nutritional status, with the immunological and virological parameters in children infected with vertically transmitted HIV and its association with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). MATERIAL AND METHODS: were included 56 children aged 0 to 12 years, attending the Hospital Materno Neonatal of Córdoba, Argentina between 1998-2014. Anthropometric and biochemical, immunological, virological nutritional status and clinical manifestations were evaluated by age group (younger or older than 6 years) and HAART administered in three medical controls. RESULTS: in the third control the analysis of the anthropometric nutritional status according to the body mass index (BMI) diagnosed 47 children (83.93%) with a normal BMI and 6 (10.71%) overweight/obesity, without statistically significant difference by age group (p=0.10). Thirty six children (64.29%) presented hypertriglyceridemia, with higher concentrations at the second (p=0.003) and third control (p=0.06) in those treated with scheme II and III with protease inhibitors (PI), unlike scheme I without IP. Normoglycemia prevailed in 54 children (96.43%) and anemia in 29 (51.79%). The clinical manifestations decreased in the successive controls and in the last one, 3 children (5.36%) older than 6 years, had pneumonia and one (1.79%) severe immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS: hypertriglyceridemia was the main adverse effect of the medication, which, added to the high prevalence of anemia, constitute important parameters for interdisciplinary treatment.