Investigation of microRNA-10b values for the discrimination of metastasis due to melanoma

BACKGROUND: Melanoma is one of the most invasive cutaneous cancers with characteristics such as rapid progression and distant metastasis. The early diagnosis and staging of melanoma can help better manage the patients. The current study is aimed to assess the values of microRNA-10b (miRNA-10b) in the discrimination of metastatic melanomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current cross-sectional study has been conducted on forty patients diagnosed with melanoma since 2011. Cell culture of melanoma cell lines derived from the cancerous tissue, including WM115, BLM, K1735, WM793, and A375M, was cultured. In order to assess miRNA-10b levels, the real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized. The absence (n = 20)/presence (n = 20) of metastasis was diagnosed with chest computed tomography or chest X-ray. The values of miRNA-10b for the discrimination of metastasis incidence were assessed. RESULTS: The demographic characteristics, including age and gender of the metastatic and nonmetastatic patients, were similar (P > 0.05). The specimen cultures were positive for miRNA-10b in 14 (35%) of the metastatic cases versus 4 (20%) of the nonmetastatic ones (P = 0.004). The quantitative analysis of miR-2b revealed significantly higher levels in metastatic cases (−1.59 ± 1.13 in metastatic vs. −0.16 ± 0.67 in nonmetastatic cases; P = 0.001). The measured area under the curve for the value of miRNA-10b was 0.923 (P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval: 0.811–1) with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 94.4%. CONCLUSION: Based on this study, metastatic melanoma was associated with elevated levels of miRNA-10b. This marker had the sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 94.4% for the discrimination of metastatic melanoma from nonmetastatic ones.