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Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification

Exosomes, a nano-sized subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted from almost all living cells, are capable of transferring cell-specific constituents of the source cell to the recipient cell. Cumulative evidence has revealed exosomes play an irreplaceable role in prognostic, diagnostic, and even th...

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Autores principales: Chen, Jiaci, Li, Peilong, Zhang, Taiyi, Xu, Zhipeng, Huang, Xiaowen, Wang, Ruiming, Du, Lutao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8766409/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071216
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.811971
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author Chen, Jiaci
Li, Peilong
Zhang, Taiyi
Xu, Zhipeng
Huang, Xiaowen
Wang, Ruiming
Du, Lutao
author_facet Chen, Jiaci
Li, Peilong
Zhang, Taiyi
Xu, Zhipeng
Huang, Xiaowen
Wang, Ruiming
Du, Lutao
author_sort Chen, Jiaci
collection PubMed
description Exosomes, a nano-sized subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted from almost all living cells, are capable of transferring cell-specific constituents of the source cell to the recipient cell. Cumulative evidence has revealed exosomes play an irreplaceable role in prognostic, diagnostic, and even therapeutic aspects. A method that can efficiently provide intact and pure exosomes samples is the first step to both exosome-based liquid biopsies and therapeutics. Unfortunately, common exosomal separation techniques suffer from operation complexity, time consumption, large sample volumes and low purity, posing significant challenges for exosomal downstream analysis. Efficient, simple, and affordable methods to isolate exosomes are crucial to carrying out relevant researches. In the last decade, emerging technologies, especially microfluidic chips, have proposed superior strategies for exosome isolation and exhibited fascinating performances. While many excellent reviews have overviewed various methods, a compressive review including updated/improved methods for exosomal isolation is indispensable. Herein, we first overview exosomal properties, biogenesis, contents, and functions. Then, we briefly outline the conventional technologies and discuss the challenges of clinical applications of these technologies. Finally, we review emerging exosomal isolation strategies and large-scale GMP production of engineered exosomes to open up future perspectives of next-generation Exo-devices for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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spelling pubmed-87664092022-01-20 Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification Chen, Jiaci Li, Peilong Zhang, Taiyi Xu, Zhipeng Huang, Xiaowen Wang, Ruiming Du, Lutao Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Exosomes, a nano-sized subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted from almost all living cells, are capable of transferring cell-specific constituents of the source cell to the recipient cell. Cumulative evidence has revealed exosomes play an irreplaceable role in prognostic, diagnostic, and even therapeutic aspects. A method that can efficiently provide intact and pure exosomes samples is the first step to both exosome-based liquid biopsies and therapeutics. Unfortunately, common exosomal separation techniques suffer from operation complexity, time consumption, large sample volumes and low purity, posing significant challenges for exosomal downstream analysis. Efficient, simple, and affordable methods to isolate exosomes are crucial to carrying out relevant researches. In the last decade, emerging technologies, especially microfluidic chips, have proposed superior strategies for exosome isolation and exhibited fascinating performances. While many excellent reviews have overviewed various methods, a compressive review including updated/improved methods for exosomal isolation is indispensable. Herein, we first overview exosomal properties, biogenesis, contents, and functions. Then, we briefly outline the conventional technologies and discuss the challenges of clinical applications of these technologies. Finally, we review emerging exosomal isolation strategies and large-scale GMP production of engineered exosomes to open up future perspectives of next-generation Exo-devices for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8766409/ /pubmed/35071216 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.811971 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chen, Li, Zhang, Xu, Huang, Wang and Du. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Chen, Jiaci
Li, Peilong
Zhang, Taiyi
Xu, Zhipeng
Huang, Xiaowen
Wang, Ruiming
Du, Lutao
Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification
title Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification
title_full Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification
title_fullStr Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification
title_full_unstemmed Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification
title_short Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification
title_sort review on strategies and technologies for exosome isolation and purification
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8766409/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071216
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.811971
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