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Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater
The processing of olives for oil production generates the most abundant agro-industrial by-products in the Mediterranean area. The three-phase olive oil extraction process requires the addition of a large amount of water to the system, which is difficult to dispose of for its load of toxic pollutant...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8766512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.782693 |
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author | Benincasa, Cinzia Pellegrino, Massimiliano Romano, Elvira Claps, Salvatore Fallara, Carmelo Perri, Enzo |
author_facet | Benincasa, Cinzia Pellegrino, Massimiliano Romano, Elvira Claps, Salvatore Fallara, Carmelo Perri, Enzo |
author_sort | Benincasa, Cinzia |
collection | PubMed |
description | The processing of olives for oil production generates the most abundant agro-industrial by-products in the Mediterranean area. The three-phase olive oil extraction process requires the addition of a large amount of water to the system, which is difficult to dispose of for its load of toxic pollutants. On the other hand, olive mill wastewater is a rich source of bioactive substances with various biological properties that can be used as ingredients in the food industry for obtaining functional and nutraceutical foods as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, we present the results relative to the phenolic compounds detected in dried olive mill wastewaters obtained using a spray dryer. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were obtained by high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). In particular, the compounds here discussed are: apigenin (9.55 mg/kg dry weight), caffeic acid (2.89 mg/kg dry weight), catecol (6.12 mg/kg dry weight), p-cumaric acid (5.01 mg/kg dry weight), diosmetin (3.58 mg/kg dry weight), hydroxytyrosol (1.481 mg/kg dry weight), hydroxytyrosyl oleate (564 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin (62.38 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (88.55 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin-4-O-glucoside (11.48 mg/kg dry weight), oleuropein (103 mg/kg dry weight), rutin (48.52 mg/kg dry weight), tyrosol (2043 mg/kg dry weight), vanillin (27.70 mg/kg dry weight), and verbascoside (700 mg/kg dry weight). The results obtained highlighted that the use of dehumidified air as a drying medium, with the addition of maltodextrin, appears to be an effective way to produce a phenol-rich powder to be included in food formulations as well as in pharmaceutical preparations having different biological properties. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8766512 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87665122022-01-20 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater Benincasa, Cinzia Pellegrino, Massimiliano Romano, Elvira Claps, Salvatore Fallara, Carmelo Perri, Enzo Front Nutr Nutrition The processing of olives for oil production generates the most abundant agro-industrial by-products in the Mediterranean area. The three-phase olive oil extraction process requires the addition of a large amount of water to the system, which is difficult to dispose of for its load of toxic pollutants. On the other hand, olive mill wastewater is a rich source of bioactive substances with various biological properties that can be used as ingredients in the food industry for obtaining functional and nutraceutical foods as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, we present the results relative to the phenolic compounds detected in dried olive mill wastewaters obtained using a spray dryer. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were obtained by high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). In particular, the compounds here discussed are: apigenin (9.55 mg/kg dry weight), caffeic acid (2.89 mg/kg dry weight), catecol (6.12 mg/kg dry weight), p-cumaric acid (5.01 mg/kg dry weight), diosmetin (3.58 mg/kg dry weight), hydroxytyrosol (1.481 mg/kg dry weight), hydroxytyrosyl oleate (564 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin (62.38 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (88.55 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin-4-O-glucoside (11.48 mg/kg dry weight), oleuropein (103 mg/kg dry weight), rutin (48.52 mg/kg dry weight), tyrosol (2043 mg/kg dry weight), vanillin (27.70 mg/kg dry weight), and verbascoside (700 mg/kg dry weight). The results obtained highlighted that the use of dehumidified air as a drying medium, with the addition of maltodextrin, appears to be an effective way to produce a phenol-rich powder to be included in food formulations as well as in pharmaceutical preparations having different biological properties. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8766512/ /pubmed/35071293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.782693 Text en Copyright © 2022 Benincasa, Pellegrino, Romano, Claps, Fallara and Perri. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Benincasa, Cinzia Pellegrino, Massimiliano Romano, Elvira Claps, Salvatore Fallara, Carmelo Perri, Enzo Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater |
title | Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater |
title_full | Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater |
title_fullStr | Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater |
title_full_unstemmed | Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater |
title_short | Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater |
title_sort | qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in spray-dried olive mill wastewater |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8766512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.782693 |
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