Supratentorial Intraparenchymal Neurenteric Cyst Treated by Neuroendoscopic Fenestration: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Neurenteric cysts (NCs) are rare benign congenital neoplasms in the central nervous system that originate from endodermal elements. NCs are more commonly located in the spine than in the brain. Although almost all intracranial NCs are found in the posterior fossa, some have reported supratentorial NCs. The complete excision of the cyst wall is suggested as a curative treatment; however, endoscopic treatment is less discussed. We present a supratentorial intraparenchymal NC in the frontal lobe treated by neuroendoscopic fenestration and review the literature regarding supratentorial NCs. A 43-year-old woman presenting with right hemiparesis and gait disturbance who was found to have a huge cystic lesion with calcification in her left frontal lobe underwent endoscopic fenestration to the ipsilateral lateral ventricle and biopsy. The histopathological diagnosis was consistent with NC. Postoperatively, her right hemiparesis and gait disturbance disappeared. Postoperative MRI showed shrinkage of the cyst. She was discharged without neurological deficits and no recurrence was seen 1 year after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of a supratentorial intraparenchymal NC treated by neuroendoscopic fenestration. Minimally invasive treatments, such as neuroendoscopic cyst fenestration, can be considered depending on the location of the cyst.