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Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages

OBJECTIVE(S): Silymarin (SM) is a natural antioxidant compound with good anti-inflammatory effects, but its poor water solubility restricts its usage. Today, nanomaterial compounds (such as PLGA Poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) can provide a proper drug delivery system and help improve the accessi...

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Autores principales: Azadpour, Mojgan, Farajollahi, Mohammad Morad, Dariushnejad, Hassan, Varzi, Ali Mohammad, Varezardi, Amir, Barati, Mitra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8769520/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096304
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2021.59312.13161
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author Azadpour, Mojgan
Farajollahi, Mohammad Morad
Dariushnejad, Hassan
Varzi, Ali Mohammad
Varezardi, Amir
Barati, Mitra
author_facet Azadpour, Mojgan
Farajollahi, Mohammad Morad
Dariushnejad, Hassan
Varzi, Ali Mohammad
Varezardi, Amir
Barati, Mitra
author_sort Azadpour, Mojgan
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE(S): Silymarin (SM) is a natural antioxidant compound with good anti-inflammatory effects, but its poor water solubility restricts its usage. Today, nanomaterial compounds (such as PLGA Poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) can provide a proper drug delivery system and help improve the accessibility of bioactive compounds to cells and tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) containing SM (SM-PLGA) were synthesized and characterized and their biological effects were evaluated on M2 macrophage polarization to regulate inflammation. SM-PLGA NPs were fabricated by the oil in water emulsion (O/W) method. Macrophages (MQs) were isolated from mouse peritoneum by the cold RPMI lavage protocol. Primary mouse MQ cells were treated by SM and SM-PLGA NPs and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). M2 polarization was evaluated by measurements of cytokine secretion levels (TNF-α, IL1-β, and IL-10), flow cytometry markers (F4/80, CD11b, CD38, and CD206), and the expression of specific proteins (M2 Ym1 and Fizz1). RESULTS: SM-PLGA characterization showed that NPs were fabricated in the desired form. SM and SM-PLGA decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL1-β) and increased IL10 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine. On the other hand, the M2-associated markers and proteins increased following treatment with SM and SM-PLGA. Post-hoc analysis indicated that these changes were more pronounced in the SM-PLGA group. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that SM-PLGA could markedly promote M2 polarization, thereby providing a valuable medical approach against sepsis and septic shock.
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spelling pubmed-87695202022-01-28 Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages Azadpour, Mojgan Farajollahi, Mohammad Morad Dariushnejad, Hassan Varzi, Ali Mohammad Varezardi, Amir Barati, Mitra Iran J Basic Med Sci Original Article OBJECTIVE(S): Silymarin (SM) is a natural antioxidant compound with good anti-inflammatory effects, but its poor water solubility restricts its usage. Today, nanomaterial compounds (such as PLGA Poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) can provide a proper drug delivery system and help improve the accessibility of bioactive compounds to cells and tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) containing SM (SM-PLGA) were synthesized and characterized and their biological effects were evaluated on M2 macrophage polarization to regulate inflammation. SM-PLGA NPs were fabricated by the oil in water emulsion (O/W) method. Macrophages (MQs) were isolated from mouse peritoneum by the cold RPMI lavage protocol. Primary mouse MQ cells were treated by SM and SM-PLGA NPs and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). M2 polarization was evaluated by measurements of cytokine secretion levels (TNF-α, IL1-β, and IL-10), flow cytometry markers (F4/80, CD11b, CD38, and CD206), and the expression of specific proteins (M2 Ym1 and Fizz1). RESULTS: SM-PLGA characterization showed that NPs were fabricated in the desired form. SM and SM-PLGA decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL1-β) and increased IL10 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine. On the other hand, the M2-associated markers and proteins increased following treatment with SM and SM-PLGA. Post-hoc analysis indicated that these changes were more pronounced in the SM-PLGA group. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that SM-PLGA could markedly promote M2 polarization, thereby providing a valuable medical approach against sepsis and septic shock. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2021-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8769520/ /pubmed/35096304 http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2021.59312.13161 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) ) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Azadpour, Mojgan
Farajollahi, Mohammad Morad
Dariushnejad, Hassan
Varzi, Ali Mohammad
Varezardi, Amir
Barati, Mitra
Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
title Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
title_full Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
title_fullStr Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
title_full_unstemmed Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
title_short Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
title_sort effects of synthetic silymarin-plga nanoparticles on m2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in lps-treated murine peritoneal macrophages
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8769520/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096304
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2021.59312.13161
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