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Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold

High-fidelity control of quantum bits is paramount for the reliable execution of quantum algorithms and for achieving fault tolerance—the ability to correct errors faster than they occur(1). The central requirement for fault tolerance is expressed in terms of an error threshold. Whereas the actual t...

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Autores principales: Xue, Xiao, Russ, Maximilian, Samkharadze, Nodar, Undseth, Brennan, Sammak, Amir, Scappucci, Giordano, Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770146/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046604
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04273-w
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author Xue, Xiao
Russ, Maximilian
Samkharadze, Nodar
Undseth, Brennan
Sammak, Amir
Scappucci, Giordano
Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
author_facet Xue, Xiao
Russ, Maximilian
Samkharadze, Nodar
Undseth, Brennan
Sammak, Amir
Scappucci, Giordano
Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
author_sort Xue, Xiao
collection PubMed
description High-fidelity control of quantum bits is paramount for the reliable execution of quantum algorithms and for achieving fault tolerance—the ability to correct errors faster than they occur(1). The central requirement for fault tolerance is expressed in terms of an error threshold. Whereas the actual threshold depends on many details, a common target is the approximately 1% error threshold of the well-known surface code(2,3). Reaching two-qubit gate fidelities above 99% has been a long-standing major goal for semiconductor spin qubits. These qubits are promising for scaling, as they can leverage advanced semiconductor technology(4). Here we report a spin-based quantum processor in silicon with single-qubit and two-qubit gate fidelities, all of which are above 99.5%, extracted from gate-set tomography. The average single-qubit gate fidelities remain above 99% when including crosstalk and idling errors on the neighbouring qubit. Using this high-fidelity gate set, we execute the demanding task of calculating molecular ground-state energies using a variational quantum eigensolver algorithm(5). Having surpassed the 99% barrier for the two-qubit gate fidelity, semiconductor qubits are well positioned on the path to fault tolerance and to possible applications in the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices.
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spelling pubmed-87701462022-02-04 Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold Xue, Xiao Russ, Maximilian Samkharadze, Nodar Undseth, Brennan Sammak, Amir Scappucci, Giordano Vandersypen, Lieven M. K. Nature Article High-fidelity control of quantum bits is paramount for the reliable execution of quantum algorithms and for achieving fault tolerance—the ability to correct errors faster than they occur(1). The central requirement for fault tolerance is expressed in terms of an error threshold. Whereas the actual threshold depends on many details, a common target is the approximately 1% error threshold of the well-known surface code(2,3). Reaching two-qubit gate fidelities above 99% has been a long-standing major goal for semiconductor spin qubits. These qubits are promising for scaling, as they can leverage advanced semiconductor technology(4). Here we report a spin-based quantum processor in silicon with single-qubit and two-qubit gate fidelities, all of which are above 99.5%, extracted from gate-set tomography. The average single-qubit gate fidelities remain above 99% when including crosstalk and idling errors on the neighbouring qubit. Using this high-fidelity gate set, we execute the demanding task of calculating molecular ground-state energies using a variational quantum eigensolver algorithm(5). Having surpassed the 99% barrier for the two-qubit gate fidelity, semiconductor qubits are well positioned on the path to fault tolerance and to possible applications in the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-19 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8770146/ /pubmed/35046604 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04273-w Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Xue, Xiao
Russ, Maximilian
Samkharadze, Nodar
Undseth, Brennan
Sammak, Amir
Scappucci, Giordano
Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
title Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
title_full Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
title_fullStr Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
title_full_unstemmed Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
title_short Quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
title_sort quantum logic with spin qubits crossing the surface code threshold
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770146/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046604
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04273-w
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