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Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review

Objective: The aim of this study was to present some cases of acute vertigo potentially related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and review the available literature about cochleovestibular dysfunction after the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: In the period from May to July 2021, we...

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Autores principales: Di Mauro, Paola, La Mantia, Ignazio, Cocuzza, Salvatore, Sciancalepore, Pasqua Irene, Rasà, Deborak, Maniaci, Antonino, Ferlito, Salvatore, Tundo, Isabella, Anzivino, Roberta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071270
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.790931
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author Di Mauro, Paola
La Mantia, Ignazio
Cocuzza, Salvatore
Sciancalepore, Pasqua Irene
Rasà, Deborak
Maniaci, Antonino
Ferlito, Salvatore
Tundo, Isabella
Anzivino, Roberta
author_facet Di Mauro, Paola
La Mantia, Ignazio
Cocuzza, Salvatore
Sciancalepore, Pasqua Irene
Rasà, Deborak
Maniaci, Antonino
Ferlito, Salvatore
Tundo, Isabella
Anzivino, Roberta
author_sort Di Mauro, Paola
collection PubMed
description Objective: The aim of this study was to present some cases of acute vertigo potentially related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and review the available literature about cochleovestibular dysfunction after the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: In the period from May to July 2021, we evaluated 33 patients (mean age 54.3 ± 14.1) with “acute vertigo” post COVID-19 vaccination. A detailed medical history was taken on comorbidities, types of vaccines received, and symptoms associated. All patients underwent otoneurological evaluation, such as head impulse test, nystagmus evaluation, test of skew (HINTS) examination. Head shaking test-induced nystagmus, hyperventilation-induced nystagmus, and parossistic positional nystagmus were studied to search for vestibular impairment. Results: Symptoms included 16 patients (48.5%) with objective vertigo, 14 patients (42.4%) with subjective vertigo, and 3 patients (9.1%) with dizziness. Of the associated ear, nose, and throat (ENT) symptoms, the most expressed was tinnitus (18.2%). Bedside examination showed absent nystagmus in 7 patients (21.2%), 9 patients (27.3%) had horizontal or rotatory nystagmus, 17 patients (51.5%) had a vertical or oblique nystagmus, negative HST, or “central HINTS.” Discussion and Conclusions: The 9 patients had an evoked nystagmus pathognomonic for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; in the remaining 17 cases, peripheral vestibular dysfunction could be excluded and central disorder may be suggested. Due to the prevalence of nystagmus of non-peripheral origin, a central nervous system involvement could not be excluded. However, due to the small sample size, a definite cause–effect relationship between vaccination and vertigo cannot be inferred. In light of expected third dose, large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to better define possible adverse reactions of the COVID-19 vaccine.
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spelling pubmed-87703322022-01-21 Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review Di Mauro, Paola La Mantia, Ignazio Cocuzza, Salvatore Sciancalepore, Pasqua Irene Rasà, Deborak Maniaci, Antonino Ferlito, Salvatore Tundo, Isabella Anzivino, Roberta Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Objective: The aim of this study was to present some cases of acute vertigo potentially related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and review the available literature about cochleovestibular dysfunction after the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: In the period from May to July 2021, we evaluated 33 patients (mean age 54.3 ± 14.1) with “acute vertigo” post COVID-19 vaccination. A detailed medical history was taken on comorbidities, types of vaccines received, and symptoms associated. All patients underwent otoneurological evaluation, such as head impulse test, nystagmus evaluation, test of skew (HINTS) examination. Head shaking test-induced nystagmus, hyperventilation-induced nystagmus, and parossistic positional nystagmus were studied to search for vestibular impairment. Results: Symptoms included 16 patients (48.5%) with objective vertigo, 14 patients (42.4%) with subjective vertigo, and 3 patients (9.1%) with dizziness. Of the associated ear, nose, and throat (ENT) symptoms, the most expressed was tinnitus (18.2%). Bedside examination showed absent nystagmus in 7 patients (21.2%), 9 patients (27.3%) had horizontal or rotatory nystagmus, 17 patients (51.5%) had a vertical or oblique nystagmus, negative HST, or “central HINTS.” Discussion and Conclusions: The 9 patients had an evoked nystagmus pathognomonic for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; in the remaining 17 cases, peripheral vestibular dysfunction could be excluded and central disorder may be suggested. Due to the prevalence of nystagmus of non-peripheral origin, a central nervous system involvement could not be excluded. However, due to the small sample size, a definite cause–effect relationship between vaccination and vertigo cannot be inferred. In light of expected third dose, large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to better define possible adverse reactions of the COVID-19 vaccine. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8770332/ /pubmed/35071270 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.790931 Text en Copyright © 2022 Di Mauro, La Mantia, Cocuzza, Sciancalepore, Rasà, Maniaci, Ferlito, Tundo and Anzivino. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Di Mauro, Paola
La Mantia, Ignazio
Cocuzza, Salvatore
Sciancalepore, Pasqua Irene
Rasà, Deborak
Maniaci, Antonino
Ferlito, Salvatore
Tundo, Isabella
Anzivino, Roberta
Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review
title Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review
title_full Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review
title_fullStr Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review
title_short Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review
title_sort acute vertigo after covid-19 vaccination: case series and literature review
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071270
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.790931
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