Cargando…

Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats

Disease results from interactions among the host, pathogen, and environment. Inoculation trials can quantify interactions among these players and explain aspects of disease ecology to inform management in variable and dynamic natural environments. White-nose Syndrome, a disease caused by the fungal...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Frick, Winifred F., Johnson, Emily, Cheng, Tina L., Lankton, Julia S., Warne, Robin, Dallas, Jason, Parise, Katy L., Foster, Jeffrey T., Boyles, Justin G., McGuire, Liam P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770465/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046462
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04965-x
_version_ 1784635378829885440
author Frick, Winifred F.
Johnson, Emily
Cheng, Tina L.
Lankton, Julia S.
Warne, Robin
Dallas, Jason
Parise, Katy L.
Foster, Jeffrey T.
Boyles, Justin G.
McGuire, Liam P.
author_facet Frick, Winifred F.
Johnson, Emily
Cheng, Tina L.
Lankton, Julia S.
Warne, Robin
Dallas, Jason
Parise, Katy L.
Foster, Jeffrey T.
Boyles, Justin G.
McGuire, Liam P.
author_sort Frick, Winifred F.
collection PubMed
description Disease results from interactions among the host, pathogen, and environment. Inoculation trials can quantify interactions among these players and explain aspects of disease ecology to inform management in variable and dynamic natural environments. White-nose Syndrome, a disease caused by the fungal pathogen, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), has caused severe population declines of several bat species in North America. We conducted the first experimental infection trial on the tri-colored bat, Perimyotis subflavus, to test the effect of temperature and humidity on disease severity. We also tested the effects of temperature and humidity on fungal growth and persistence on substrates. Unexpectedly, only 37% (35/95) of bats experimentally inoculated with Pd at the start of the experiment showed any infection response or disease symptoms after 83 days of captive hibernation. There was no evidence that temperature or humidity influenced infection response. Temperature had a strong effect on fungal growth on media plates, but the influence of humidity was more variable and uncertain. Designing laboratory studies to maximize research outcomes would be beneficial given the high costs of such efforts and potential for unexpected outcomes. Understanding the influence of microclimates on host–pathogen interactions remains an important consideration for managing wildlife diseases, particularly in variable environments.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8770465
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-87704652022-01-20 Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats Frick, Winifred F. Johnson, Emily Cheng, Tina L. Lankton, Julia S. Warne, Robin Dallas, Jason Parise, Katy L. Foster, Jeffrey T. Boyles, Justin G. McGuire, Liam P. Sci Rep Article Disease results from interactions among the host, pathogen, and environment. Inoculation trials can quantify interactions among these players and explain aspects of disease ecology to inform management in variable and dynamic natural environments. White-nose Syndrome, a disease caused by the fungal pathogen, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), has caused severe population declines of several bat species in North America. We conducted the first experimental infection trial on the tri-colored bat, Perimyotis subflavus, to test the effect of temperature and humidity on disease severity. We also tested the effects of temperature and humidity on fungal growth and persistence on substrates. Unexpectedly, only 37% (35/95) of bats experimentally inoculated with Pd at the start of the experiment showed any infection response or disease symptoms after 83 days of captive hibernation. There was no evidence that temperature or humidity influenced infection response. Temperature had a strong effect on fungal growth on media plates, but the influence of humidity was more variable and uncertain. Designing laboratory studies to maximize research outcomes would be beneficial given the high costs of such efforts and potential for unexpected outcomes. Understanding the influence of microclimates on host–pathogen interactions remains an important consideration for managing wildlife diseases, particularly in variable environments. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8770465/ /pubmed/35046462 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04965-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Frick, Winifred F.
Johnson, Emily
Cheng, Tina L.
Lankton, Julia S.
Warne, Robin
Dallas, Jason
Parise, Katy L.
Foster, Jeffrey T.
Boyles, Justin G.
McGuire, Liam P.
Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats
title Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats
title_full Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats
title_fullStr Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats
title_full_unstemmed Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats
title_short Experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on White-nose Syndrome in hibernating bats
title_sort experimental inoculation trial to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on white-nose syndrome in hibernating bats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770465/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35046462
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04965-x
work_keys_str_mv AT frickwinifredf experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT johnsonemily experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT chengtinal experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT lanktonjulias experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT warnerobin experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT dallasjason experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT parisekatyl experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT fosterjeffreyt experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT boylesjusting experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats
AT mcguireliamp experimentalinoculationtrialtodeterminetheeffectsoftemperatureandhumidityonwhitenosesyndromeinhibernatingbats