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MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration describes a group of progressive brain disorders that primarily are associated with atrophy of the prefrontal and anterior temporal lobes. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is considered to be equivalent to frontotemporal dementia. Frontotemporal dementia is charact...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8771095/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34916411 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.330591 |
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author | Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. |
author_facet | Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. |
author_sort | Martinez, Bridget |
collection | PubMed |
description | Frontotemporal lobar degeneration describes a group of progressive brain disorders that primarily are associated with atrophy of the prefrontal and anterior temporal lobes. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is considered to be equivalent to frontotemporal dementia. Frontotemporal dementia is characterized by progressive impairments in behavior, executive function, and language. There are two main clinical subtypes: behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia. The early diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia is critical for developing management strategies and interventions for these patients. Without validated biomarkers, the clinical diagnosis depends on recognizing all the core or necessary neuropsychiatric features, but misdiagnosis often occurs due to overlap with a range of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. In the studies reviewed a very large number of microRNAs were found to be dysregulated but with limited overlap between individual studies. Measurement of specific miRNAs singly or in combination, or as miRNA pairs (as a ratio) in blood plasma, serum, or cerebrospinal fluid enabled frontotemporal dementia to be discriminated from healthy controls, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-223-3p and downregulation of miR-15a-5p, which occurred both in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid, distinguished behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia from healthy controls. Downregulation of miR-132-3p in frontal and temporal cortical tissue distinguished frontotemporal lobar degeneration and frontotemporal dementia, respectively, from healthy controls. Possible strong miRNA biofluid biomarker contenders for behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia are miR-223-3p, miR-15a-5p, miR-22-3p in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and miR-124 in cerebrospinal fluid. No miRNAs were identified able to distinguish between behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia subtypes. Further studies are warranted on investigating miRNA expression in biofluids and frontal/temporal cortical tissue to validate and extend these findings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8771095 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87710952022-02-03 MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. Neural Regen Res Review Frontotemporal lobar degeneration describes a group of progressive brain disorders that primarily are associated with atrophy of the prefrontal and anterior temporal lobes. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is considered to be equivalent to frontotemporal dementia. Frontotemporal dementia is characterized by progressive impairments in behavior, executive function, and language. There are two main clinical subtypes: behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia. The early diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia is critical for developing management strategies and interventions for these patients. Without validated biomarkers, the clinical diagnosis depends on recognizing all the core or necessary neuropsychiatric features, but misdiagnosis often occurs due to overlap with a range of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. In the studies reviewed a very large number of microRNAs were found to be dysregulated but with limited overlap between individual studies. Measurement of specific miRNAs singly or in combination, or as miRNA pairs (as a ratio) in blood plasma, serum, or cerebrospinal fluid enabled frontotemporal dementia to be discriminated from healthy controls, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-223-3p and downregulation of miR-15a-5p, which occurred both in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid, distinguished behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia from healthy controls. Downregulation of miR-132-3p in frontal and temporal cortical tissue distinguished frontotemporal lobar degeneration and frontotemporal dementia, respectively, from healthy controls. Possible strong miRNA biofluid biomarker contenders for behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia are miR-223-3p, miR-15a-5p, miR-22-3p in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and miR-124 in cerebrospinal fluid. No miRNAs were identified able to distinguish between behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia subtypes. Further studies are warranted on investigating miRNA expression in biofluids and frontal/temporal cortical tissue to validate and extend these findings. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2021-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8771095/ /pubmed/34916411 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.330591 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
title | MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
title_full | MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
title_fullStr | MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
title_short | MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
title_sort | microrna biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8771095/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34916411 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.330591 |
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