Role of Metabolic Reprogramming of Long non-coding RNA in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), one of the most frequent cancers, is a "classical" malignancy characterized by metabolic reprogramming. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is its most common histopathological subtype. Long-stranded non-coding ribonucleic acids (LncRNAs) are regulatory RNA molecules with limited protein-coding capacity and evolutionary conservation. Recent studies have revealed that lncRNAs can broadly regulate the metabolic reprogramming of ccRCC and its malignant transformation. However, there are few studies on lncRNAs regulating the metabolism of ccRCC, and the specific mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, this paper summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the metabolism of ccRCC, especially in the pathways of glycolysis, mitochondrial function, glutamine and lipid metabolism, cellular mechanisms, interactions with other molecules, specific scientific and clinic implications and applications to provide a basis for early clinical diagnosis, prediction and treatment. We also discuss the clinical application and challenges of targeting lncRNAs in ccRCC metabolism.