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A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team
AIMS: Growing evidence indicates that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with psychotic symptoms. Although evidence suggesting a causal relationship is limited, theories regarding neuro-inflammatory modulation are promising. Alternatively, deficiency may signify chronic illness or poor functioning....
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cambridge University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772027/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.701 |
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author | Kaye, Emily Parker, Pete Fyall, Thomas Arrowsmith, Katie Hark, Holly Huda, Samei Ahmed |
author_facet | Kaye, Emily Parker, Pete Fyall, Thomas Arrowsmith, Katie Hark, Holly Huda, Samei Ahmed |
author_sort | Kaye, Emily |
collection | PubMed |
description | AIMS: Growing evidence indicates that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with psychotic symptoms. Although evidence suggesting a causal relationship is limited, theories regarding neuro-inflammatory modulation are promising. Alternatively, deficiency may signify chronic illness or poor functioning. Nevertheless, Vitamin D levels below 50nmol/L increase the risk of osteoporosis, muscle weakness, falls and fractures, thus identification and treatment are important. The association between Vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside Early Intervention in Psychosis Team (EIT) was studied, hypothesising a strong correlation. METHOD: The records of all patients in the EIT as of 01/07/2020, over the age of 16 years old (n = 183), were studied. The first Vitamin D level taken while under the EIT and the CGI scores closest to the date of this level were recorded. Vitamin D levels of 25nmol/L and under were classified as deficient, levels of 25.1 - 50nmol/L were insufficient. RESULT: 45.90% (n = 84) of patients did not have their levels recorded. Of the 55% (n = 99) patients who had Vitamin D levels recorded, 49.50% (n = 49) were insufficient and 22.22% (n = 22) were deficient. Therefore, only 28.28% (n = 28) had either optimal or sufficient Vitamin D levels. The majority of Vitamin D levels were taken in Autumn (36.46% n = 36). 75.76% (n = 75) of patients had both vitamin D levels and CGI scores recorded, with an average of 35.65 days between date level and score recorded. A weak negative correlation between overall CGI scores and vitamin D level was calculated, producing Spearman R Correlation Coefficient of -0.15. CONCLUSION: Almost 3/4 of the studied patients being assessed for psychotic symptoms had either insufficient or deficient levels of Vitamin D. The correlation between symptom severity and Vitamin D level was weak however. While we cannot comment on the causality of the relationship, it appears that there is an association between our studied patient group and Vitamin D insufficiency. The evidence to suggest that supplementation can reduce psychotic symptoms is limited however, supplementation can reduce the risk of osteoporosis and falls, therefore would improve patient care. Only 55% of the patients within the EIT had their Vitamin D levels tested. As a result of this study, the authors recommend that all patients in the EIT have their Vitamin D levels tested as part of their psychosis assessment. The study is limited due to low numbers of patients studied and the fact that recorded CGI scores were often recorded at a later date to Vitamin D levels. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8772027 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Cambridge University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87720272022-01-31 A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team Kaye, Emily Parker, Pete Fyall, Thomas Arrowsmith, Katie Hark, Holly Huda, Samei Ahmed BJPsych Open Research AIMS: Growing evidence indicates that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with psychotic symptoms. Although evidence suggesting a causal relationship is limited, theories regarding neuro-inflammatory modulation are promising. Alternatively, deficiency may signify chronic illness or poor functioning. Nevertheless, Vitamin D levels below 50nmol/L increase the risk of osteoporosis, muscle weakness, falls and fractures, thus identification and treatment are important. The association between Vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside Early Intervention in Psychosis Team (EIT) was studied, hypothesising a strong correlation. METHOD: The records of all patients in the EIT as of 01/07/2020, over the age of 16 years old (n = 183), were studied. The first Vitamin D level taken while under the EIT and the CGI scores closest to the date of this level were recorded. Vitamin D levels of 25nmol/L and under were classified as deficient, levels of 25.1 - 50nmol/L were insufficient. RESULT: 45.90% (n = 84) of patients did not have their levels recorded. Of the 55% (n = 99) patients who had Vitamin D levels recorded, 49.50% (n = 49) were insufficient and 22.22% (n = 22) were deficient. Therefore, only 28.28% (n = 28) had either optimal or sufficient Vitamin D levels. The majority of Vitamin D levels were taken in Autumn (36.46% n = 36). 75.76% (n = 75) of patients had both vitamin D levels and CGI scores recorded, with an average of 35.65 days between date level and score recorded. A weak negative correlation between overall CGI scores and vitamin D level was calculated, producing Spearman R Correlation Coefficient of -0.15. CONCLUSION: Almost 3/4 of the studied patients being assessed for psychotic symptoms had either insufficient or deficient levels of Vitamin D. The correlation between symptom severity and Vitamin D level was weak however. While we cannot comment on the causality of the relationship, it appears that there is an association between our studied patient group and Vitamin D insufficiency. The evidence to suggest that supplementation can reduce psychotic symptoms is limited however, supplementation can reduce the risk of osteoporosis and falls, therefore would improve patient care. Only 55% of the patients within the EIT had their Vitamin D levels tested. As a result of this study, the authors recommend that all patients in the EIT have their Vitamin D levels tested as part of their psychosis assessment. The study is limited due to low numbers of patients studied and the fact that recorded CGI scores were often recorded at a later date to Vitamin D levels. Cambridge University Press 2021-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8772027/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.701 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Kaye, Emily Parker, Pete Fyall, Thomas Arrowsmith, Katie Hark, Holly Huda, Samei Ahmed A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
title | A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
title_full | A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
title_fullStr | A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
title_full_unstemmed | A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
title_short | A retrospective observational study of vitamin D levels in patients within the Tameside and Glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
title_sort | retrospective observational study of vitamin d levels in patients within the tameside and glossop early intervention in psychosis team |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772027/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.701 |
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