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Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries

INTRODUCTION: Awareness-raising campaigns play a central role in efforts to combat drug resistance. These campaigns assume that knowledge deficits drive poor practices that increase resistance. Therefore, increasing awareness will promote prudent practices and reduce resistance. However, most awaren...

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Autores principales: Caudell, Mark, Mangesho, Peter E, Mwakapeje, Elibariki R, Dorado-García, Alejandro, Kabali, Emmanuel, Price, Cortney, OleNeselle, Moses, Kimani, Tabitha, Fasina, Folorunso O
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772431/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058305
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006958
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author Caudell, Mark
Mangesho, Peter E
Mwakapeje, Elibariki R
Dorado-García, Alejandro
Kabali, Emmanuel
Price, Cortney
OleNeselle, Moses
Kimani, Tabitha
Fasina, Folorunso O
author_facet Caudell, Mark
Mangesho, Peter E
Mwakapeje, Elibariki R
Dorado-García, Alejandro
Kabali, Emmanuel
Price, Cortney
OleNeselle, Moses
Kimani, Tabitha
Fasina, Folorunso O
author_sort Caudell, Mark
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Awareness-raising campaigns play a central role in efforts to combat drug resistance. These campaigns assume that knowledge deficits drive poor practices that increase resistance. Therefore, increasing awareness will promote prudent practices and reduce resistance. However, most awareness campaigns have been developed and evaluated in high-income and public health settings. Consequently, it is not clear whether these campaigns are effective in low-income and middle-income countries and/or within animal health settings. METHODS: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were used to collect narratives of veterinary drug use among Maasai pastoralists (n=70), animal health professionals (n=10) and veterinary drug sellers (n=5). Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes across narratives and groups. RESULTS: Narratives of Maasai and animal health professionals indicated that Maasai treated their livestock with limited input from the professional sector and that non-prudent treatment practices were observed (eg, using antimicrobials as ‘energizers’). Professionals linked these practices to knowledge and attitudinal deficits among the Maasai, while Maasai narratives highlighted the importance of climatic uncertainties and cultural beliefs surrounding veterinary care. CONCLUSION: Narratives of veterinary drug use from animal health professionals are consistent with the knowledge deficit assumption guiding awareness-raising efforts. In contrast, Maasai narratives highlight how animal health practices are patterned by cultural norms interacting with factors largely outside of Maasai control, including a constrained professional veterinary sector. If these cultural and structural contexts remain unconsidered in awareness-raising strategies, current campaigns are unlikely to motivate practices necessary to limit drug resistance, especially within low-income and middle-income settings.
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spelling pubmed-87724312022-02-04 Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries Caudell, Mark Mangesho, Peter E Mwakapeje, Elibariki R Dorado-García, Alejandro Kabali, Emmanuel Price, Cortney OleNeselle, Moses Kimani, Tabitha Fasina, Folorunso O BMJ Glob Health Original Research INTRODUCTION: Awareness-raising campaigns play a central role in efforts to combat drug resistance. These campaigns assume that knowledge deficits drive poor practices that increase resistance. Therefore, increasing awareness will promote prudent practices and reduce resistance. However, most awareness campaigns have been developed and evaluated in high-income and public health settings. Consequently, it is not clear whether these campaigns are effective in low-income and middle-income countries and/or within animal health settings. METHODS: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were used to collect narratives of veterinary drug use among Maasai pastoralists (n=70), animal health professionals (n=10) and veterinary drug sellers (n=5). Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes across narratives and groups. RESULTS: Narratives of Maasai and animal health professionals indicated that Maasai treated their livestock with limited input from the professional sector and that non-prudent treatment practices were observed (eg, using antimicrobials as ‘energizers’). Professionals linked these practices to knowledge and attitudinal deficits among the Maasai, while Maasai narratives highlighted the importance of climatic uncertainties and cultural beliefs surrounding veterinary care. CONCLUSION: Narratives of veterinary drug use from animal health professionals are consistent with the knowledge deficit assumption guiding awareness-raising efforts. In contrast, Maasai narratives highlight how animal health practices are patterned by cultural norms interacting with factors largely outside of Maasai control, including a constrained professional veterinary sector. If these cultural and structural contexts remain unconsidered in awareness-raising strategies, current campaigns are unlikely to motivate practices necessary to limit drug resistance, especially within low-income and middle-income settings. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8772431/ /pubmed/35058305 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006958 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Research
Caudell, Mark
Mangesho, Peter E
Mwakapeje, Elibariki R
Dorado-García, Alejandro
Kabali, Emmanuel
Price, Cortney
OleNeselle, Moses
Kimani, Tabitha
Fasina, Folorunso O
Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
title Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
title_full Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
title_fullStr Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
title_full_unstemmed Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
title_short Narratives of veterinary drug use in northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
title_sort narratives of veterinary drug use in northern tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772431/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058305
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006958
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