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From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior

Astrocytes are non-neuronal cells that regulate synapses, neuronal circuits, and behavior. Astrocytes ensheath neuronal synapses to form the tripartite synapse where astrocytes influence synapse formation, function, and plasticity. Beyond the synapse, recent research has revealed that astrocyte infl...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lyon, Krissy A., Allen, Nicola J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772456/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35069124
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.786293
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author Lyon, Krissy A.
Allen, Nicola J.
author_facet Lyon, Krissy A.
Allen, Nicola J.
author_sort Lyon, Krissy A.
collection PubMed
description Astrocytes are non-neuronal cells that regulate synapses, neuronal circuits, and behavior. Astrocytes ensheath neuronal synapses to form the tripartite synapse where astrocytes influence synapse formation, function, and plasticity. Beyond the synapse, recent research has revealed that astrocyte influences on the nervous system extend to the modulation of neuronal circuitry and behavior. Here we review recent findings on the active role of astrocytes in behavioral modulation with a focus on in vivo studies, primarily in mice. Using tools to acutely manipulate astrocytes, such as optogenetics or chemogenetics, studies reviewed here have demonstrated a causal role for astrocytes in sleep, memory, sensorimotor behaviors, feeding, fear, anxiety, and cognitive processes like attention and behavioral flexibility. Current tools and future directions for astrocyte-specific manipulation, including methods for probing astrocyte heterogeneity, are discussed. Understanding the contribution of astrocytes to neuronal circuit activity and organismal behavior will be critical toward understanding how nervous system function gives rise to behavior.
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spelling pubmed-87724562022-01-21 From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior Lyon, Krissy A. Allen, Nicola J. Front Neural Circuits Neural Circuits Astrocytes are non-neuronal cells that regulate synapses, neuronal circuits, and behavior. Astrocytes ensheath neuronal synapses to form the tripartite synapse where astrocytes influence synapse formation, function, and plasticity. Beyond the synapse, recent research has revealed that astrocyte influences on the nervous system extend to the modulation of neuronal circuitry and behavior. Here we review recent findings on the active role of astrocytes in behavioral modulation with a focus on in vivo studies, primarily in mice. Using tools to acutely manipulate astrocytes, such as optogenetics or chemogenetics, studies reviewed here have demonstrated a causal role for astrocytes in sleep, memory, sensorimotor behaviors, feeding, fear, anxiety, and cognitive processes like attention and behavioral flexibility. Current tools and future directions for astrocyte-specific manipulation, including methods for probing astrocyte heterogeneity, are discussed. Understanding the contribution of astrocytes to neuronal circuit activity and organismal behavior will be critical toward understanding how nervous system function gives rise to behavior. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8772456/ /pubmed/35069124 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.786293 Text en Copyright © 2022 Lyon and Allen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neural Circuits
Lyon, Krissy A.
Allen, Nicola J.
From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior
title From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior
title_full From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior
title_fullStr From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior
title_full_unstemmed From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior
title_short From Synapses to Circuits, Astrocytes Regulate Behavior
title_sort from synapses to circuits, astrocytes regulate behavior
topic Neural Circuits
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772456/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35069124
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.786293
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