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The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine

Galactose is a ubiquitous monosaccharide with important yet incompletely understood nutritive and physiological roles. Chronic parenteral d-galactose administration is used for modeling aging-related pathophysiological processes in rodents due to its ability to induce oxidative stress (OS). Converse...

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Autores principales: Homolak, Jan, Babic Perhoc, Ana, Knezovic, Ana, Osmanovic Barilar, Jelena, Virag, Davor, Joja, Mihovil, Salkovic-Petrisic, Melita
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35052541
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010037
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author Homolak, Jan
Babic Perhoc, Ana
Knezovic, Ana
Osmanovic Barilar, Jelena
Virag, Davor
Joja, Mihovil
Salkovic-Petrisic, Melita
author_facet Homolak, Jan
Babic Perhoc, Ana
Knezovic, Ana
Osmanovic Barilar, Jelena
Virag, Davor
Joja, Mihovil
Salkovic-Petrisic, Melita
author_sort Homolak, Jan
collection PubMed
description Galactose is a ubiquitous monosaccharide with important yet incompletely understood nutritive and physiological roles. Chronic parenteral d-galactose administration is used for modeling aging-related pathophysiological processes in rodents due to its ability to induce oxidative stress (OS). Conversely, chronic oral d-galactose administration prevents and alleviates cognitive decline in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, indicating that galactose may exert beneficial health effects by acting in the gut. The present aim was to explore the acute time-response of intestinal redox homeostasis following oral administration of d-galactose. Male Wistar rats were euthanized at baseline (n = 6), 30 (n = 6), 60 (n = 6), and 120 (n = 6) minutes following orogastric administration of d-galactose (200 mg/kg). The overall reductive capacity, lipid peroxidation, the concentration of low-molecular-weight thiols (LMWT) and protein sulfhydryls (SH), the activity of Mn and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (SOD), reduced and oxidized fractions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates (NADPH/NADP), and the hydrogen peroxide dissociation rate were analyzed in duodenum and ileum. Acute oral administration of d-galactose increased the activity of SODs and decreased intestinal lipid peroxidation and nucleophilic substrates (LMWT, SH, NADPH), indicating activation of peroxidative damage defense pathways. The redox system of the small intestine can acutely tolerate even high luminal concentrations of galactose (0.55 M), and oral galactose treatment is associated with a reduction rather than the increment of the intestinal OS. The ability of oral d-galactose to modulate intestinal OS should be further explored in the context of intestinal barrier maintenance, and beneficial cognitive effects associated with long-term administration of low doses of d-galactose.
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spelling pubmed-87731552022-01-21 The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine Homolak, Jan Babic Perhoc, Ana Knezovic, Ana Osmanovic Barilar, Jelena Virag, Davor Joja, Mihovil Salkovic-Petrisic, Melita Antioxidants (Basel) Article Galactose is a ubiquitous monosaccharide with important yet incompletely understood nutritive and physiological roles. Chronic parenteral d-galactose administration is used for modeling aging-related pathophysiological processes in rodents due to its ability to induce oxidative stress (OS). Conversely, chronic oral d-galactose administration prevents and alleviates cognitive decline in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, indicating that galactose may exert beneficial health effects by acting in the gut. The present aim was to explore the acute time-response of intestinal redox homeostasis following oral administration of d-galactose. Male Wistar rats were euthanized at baseline (n = 6), 30 (n = 6), 60 (n = 6), and 120 (n = 6) minutes following orogastric administration of d-galactose (200 mg/kg). The overall reductive capacity, lipid peroxidation, the concentration of low-molecular-weight thiols (LMWT) and protein sulfhydryls (SH), the activity of Mn and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (SOD), reduced and oxidized fractions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates (NADPH/NADP), and the hydrogen peroxide dissociation rate were analyzed in duodenum and ileum. Acute oral administration of d-galactose increased the activity of SODs and decreased intestinal lipid peroxidation and nucleophilic substrates (LMWT, SH, NADPH), indicating activation of peroxidative damage defense pathways. The redox system of the small intestine can acutely tolerate even high luminal concentrations of galactose (0.55 M), and oral galactose treatment is associated with a reduction rather than the increment of the intestinal OS. The ability of oral d-galactose to modulate intestinal OS should be further explored in the context of intestinal barrier maintenance, and beneficial cognitive effects associated with long-term administration of low doses of d-galactose. MDPI 2021-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8773155/ /pubmed/35052541 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010037 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Homolak, Jan
Babic Perhoc, Ana
Knezovic, Ana
Osmanovic Barilar, Jelena
Virag, Davor
Joja, Mihovil
Salkovic-Petrisic, Melita
The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine
title The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine
title_full The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine
title_fullStr The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine
title_short The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine
title_sort effect of acute oral galactose administration on the redox system of the rat small intestine
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35052541
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010037
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