Parkinson’s Disease and the Metal–Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis: A Systems Toxicology Approach

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, leading to motor and non-motor complications. Autonomic alterations, including gastrointestinal symptoms, precede motor defects and act as early warning signs. Chronic exposure to dietary, environmental heavy metals impacts the gastrointestina...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Forero-Rodríguez, Lady Johanna, Josephs-Spaulding, Jonathan, Flor, Stefano, Pinzón, Andrés, Kaleta, Christoph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35052575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010071

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35052575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010071

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