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Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats

Epidemiologic studies have indicated that dyslipidemia may facilitate the progression of neuronal degeneration. However, the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on brain function, especially in older individuals, remain unclear. In this study, middle-aged 37-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed a no...

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Autores principales: Chou, Mei-Chuan, Lee, Hsiang-Chun, Liu, Yen-Chin, Yen, Patrick Szu-Ying, Liu, Ching-Kuan, Chen, Chu-Huang, Hsieh, Tzu-Han, Chen, Shiou-Lan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35053411
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11020295
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author Chou, Mei-Chuan
Lee, Hsiang-Chun
Liu, Yen-Chin
Yen, Patrick Szu-Ying
Liu, Ching-Kuan
Chen, Chu-Huang
Hsieh, Tzu-Han
Chen, Shiou-Lan
author_facet Chou, Mei-Chuan
Lee, Hsiang-Chun
Liu, Yen-Chin
Yen, Patrick Szu-Ying
Liu, Ching-Kuan
Chen, Chu-Huang
Hsieh, Tzu-Han
Chen, Shiou-Lan
author_sort Chou, Mei-Chuan
collection PubMed
description Epidemiologic studies have indicated that dyslipidemia may facilitate the progression of neuronal degeneration. However, the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on brain function, especially in older individuals, remain unclear. In this study, middle-aged 37-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed a normal diet (ND) or a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks (i.e., until 67 weeks of age). To study the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on the brain, we analyzed spontaneous locomotor activity, cognitive function, and brain tissues in both groups of rats after 30 weeks. Compared with age-matched rats fed a ND, Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a HFD had dyslipidemia and showed decreased movement but normal recognition of a novel object. In our brain analyses, we observed a significant decrease in astrocytes and tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus of rats fed a HFD compared with rats fed a ND. However, hippocampal pyramidal neurons were not affected. Our findings indicate that the long-term consumption of a HFD may cause lipid metabolism overload in the brain and damage to glial cells. The decrease in astrocytes may lead to reduced protection of the brain and affect the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons but not pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus.
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spelling pubmed-87738492022-01-21 Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats Chou, Mei-Chuan Lee, Hsiang-Chun Liu, Yen-Chin Yen, Patrick Szu-Ying Liu, Ching-Kuan Chen, Chu-Huang Hsieh, Tzu-Han Chen, Shiou-Lan Cells Article Epidemiologic studies have indicated that dyslipidemia may facilitate the progression of neuronal degeneration. However, the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on brain function, especially in older individuals, remain unclear. In this study, middle-aged 37-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed a normal diet (ND) or a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks (i.e., until 67 weeks of age). To study the effects of chronic dyslipidemia on the brain, we analyzed spontaneous locomotor activity, cognitive function, and brain tissues in both groups of rats after 30 weeks. Compared with age-matched rats fed a ND, Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a HFD had dyslipidemia and showed decreased movement but normal recognition of a novel object. In our brain analyses, we observed a significant decrease in astrocytes and tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus of rats fed a HFD compared with rats fed a ND. However, hippocampal pyramidal neurons were not affected. Our findings indicate that the long-term consumption of a HFD may cause lipid metabolism overload in the brain and damage to glial cells. The decrease in astrocytes may lead to reduced protection of the brain and affect the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons but not pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. MDPI 2022-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8773849/ /pubmed/35053411 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11020295 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chou, Mei-Chuan
Lee, Hsiang-Chun
Liu, Yen-Chin
Yen, Patrick Szu-Ying
Liu, Ching-Kuan
Chen, Chu-Huang
Hsieh, Tzu-Han
Chen, Shiou-Lan
Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats
title Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats
title_full Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats
title_fullStr Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats
title_full_unstemmed Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats
title_short Long-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Depletes Glial Cells and Tyrosine Hydroxylase–Containing Neurons in the Brain of Middle-Aged Rats
title_sort long-term high-fat diet consumption depletes glial cells and tyrosine hydroxylase–containing neurons in the brain of middle-aged rats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35053411
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11020295
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