Cargando…
Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer
It is crucial to find new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. A total of 80 patients were enrolled in the study. The study group consisted of 37 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, and the control group consisted of 43 patients with benign ovarian cystic lesions. Three proteins involved in th...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8774466/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35054356 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010189 |
_version_ | 1784636352347766784 |
---|---|
author | Świderska, Janina Kozłowski, Mateusz Nowak, Katarzyna Rychlicka, Małgorzata Branecka-Woźniak, Dorota Kwiatkowski, Sebastian Pius-Sadowska, Ewa Machaliński, Bogusław Cymbaluk-Płoska, Aneta |
author_facet | Świderska, Janina Kozłowski, Mateusz Nowak, Katarzyna Rychlicka, Małgorzata Branecka-Woźniak, Dorota Kwiatkowski, Sebastian Pius-Sadowska, Ewa Machaliński, Bogusław Cymbaluk-Płoska, Aneta |
author_sort | Świderska, Janina |
collection | PubMed |
description | It is crucial to find new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. A total of 80 patients were enrolled in the study. The study group consisted of 37 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, and the control group consisted of 43 patients with benign ovarian cystic lesions. Three proteins involved in the immune response were studied: PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. The study material was serum and peritoneal fluid. The ROC curve was plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated to characterize the sensitivity and specificity of the studied parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed simultaneously using the Cox regression model. The cut-off level of CTLA-4 was 0.595 pg/mL, with the sensitivity and specificity of 70.3% and 90.7% (p = 0.000004). Unfavorable prognostic factors determined in serum were: PD-L1 (for PFS: HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11–1.21, p = 0.016; for OS: HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.14–1.19, p = 0.048) and PD-1 (for PFS: HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.91–1.06, p = 0.035). Unfavorable prognostic factors determined in peritoneal fluid were: PD-L1 (for PFS: HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.11, p = 0.049; for OS: HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.10–1.17, p = 0.045) and PD-1 (for PFS: HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.19–1.26, p = 0.044). We conclude that CTLA-4 should be considered as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. PD-L1 and PD-1 concentrations are unfavorable prognostic factors for ovarian cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8774466 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87744662022-01-21 Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer Świderska, Janina Kozłowski, Mateusz Nowak, Katarzyna Rychlicka, Małgorzata Branecka-Woźniak, Dorota Kwiatkowski, Sebastian Pius-Sadowska, Ewa Machaliński, Bogusław Cymbaluk-Płoska, Aneta Diagnostics (Basel) Article It is crucial to find new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. A total of 80 patients were enrolled in the study. The study group consisted of 37 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, and the control group consisted of 43 patients with benign ovarian cystic lesions. Three proteins involved in the immune response were studied: PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. The study material was serum and peritoneal fluid. The ROC curve was plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated to characterize the sensitivity and specificity of the studied parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed simultaneously using the Cox regression model. The cut-off level of CTLA-4 was 0.595 pg/mL, with the sensitivity and specificity of 70.3% and 90.7% (p = 0.000004). Unfavorable prognostic factors determined in serum were: PD-L1 (for PFS: HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11–1.21, p = 0.016; for OS: HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.14–1.19, p = 0.048) and PD-1 (for PFS: HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.91–1.06, p = 0.035). Unfavorable prognostic factors determined in peritoneal fluid were: PD-L1 (for PFS: HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.11, p = 0.049; for OS: HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.10–1.17, p = 0.045) and PD-1 (for PFS: HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.19–1.26, p = 0.044). We conclude that CTLA-4 should be considered as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. PD-L1 and PD-1 concentrations are unfavorable prognostic factors for ovarian cancer. MDPI 2022-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8774466/ /pubmed/35054356 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010189 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Świderska, Janina Kozłowski, Mateusz Nowak, Katarzyna Rychlicka, Małgorzata Branecka-Woźniak, Dorota Kwiatkowski, Sebastian Pius-Sadowska, Ewa Machaliński, Bogusław Cymbaluk-Płoska, Aneta Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer |
title | Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer |
title_full | Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer |
title_fullStr | Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer |
title_short | Clinical Relevance of Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoint Molecules sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer |
title_sort | clinical relevance of soluble forms of immune checkpoint molecules spd-1, spd-l1, and sctla-4 in the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8774466/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35054356 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010189 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT swiderskajanina clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT kozłowskimateusz clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT nowakkatarzyna clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT rychlickamałgorzata clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT braneckawozniakdorota clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT kwiatkowskisebastian clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT piussadowskaewa clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT machalinskibogusław clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer AT cymbalukpłoskaaneta clinicalrelevanceofsolubleformsofimmunecheckpointmoleculesspd1spdl1andsctla4inthediagnosisandprognosisofovariancancer |