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Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region

Basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) is a normally benign, uncommon, malformative lesion involving the hair follicles, which usually poses challenges in the differential diagnosis with other benign and malignant tumours, especially basal cell carcinoma, due to significant clinical and morphological o...

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Autores principales: Lamas, Nuno Jorge, Rodrigues, Ana Patrícia, Araújo, Maria, Vizcaíno, José Ramón, Coelho, André
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8774580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35054307
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010140
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author Lamas, Nuno Jorge
Rodrigues, Ana Patrícia
Araújo, Maria
Vizcaíno, José Ramón
Coelho, André
author_facet Lamas, Nuno Jorge
Rodrigues, Ana Patrícia
Araújo, Maria
Vizcaíno, José Ramón
Coelho, André
author_sort Lamas, Nuno Jorge
collection PubMed
description Basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) is a normally benign, uncommon, malformative lesion involving the hair follicles, which usually poses challenges in the differential diagnosis with other benign and malignant tumours, especially basal cell carcinoma, due to significant clinical and morphological overlap. Here, we report the case of a 53-year-old male who presented with a mass in the upper left eyelid evolving for one year. The patient had a previous history of total colectomy and an abdominal desmoid tumour within the context of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), with a documented germline mutation in the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene. The eyelid lesion was biopsied and the histological analysis of the three small tissue fragments received revealed fragments with cutaneous–conjunctival lining displaying a subepithelial proliferation of basaloid nests with peripheral palisading, compatible with primitive hair follicles. There were images of anastomosis between different basaloid nests, which had their connection to the epithelial lining preserved. The stroma had high cellularity and sometimes primitive mesenchymal papillae were evident. Pleomorphism was absent, mitotic figures were barely identified, and no necrosis was seen. The basaloid nests did not have epithelial–stromal retraction nor mucin deposits. A diagnosis of BFH was proposed, which was later confirmed after surgical excision of the whole eyelid lesion. No evidence of carcinoma was present. This case illustrates the main features of the rare benign eyelid BFH. The standard medical or surgical approach of these lesions remains to be firmly established. Nearly nine months after surgical excision our patient remains well without signs of disease recurrence.
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spelling pubmed-87745802022-01-21 Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region Lamas, Nuno Jorge Rodrigues, Ana Patrícia Araújo, Maria Vizcaíno, José Ramón Coelho, André Diagnostics (Basel) Case Report Basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) is a normally benign, uncommon, malformative lesion involving the hair follicles, which usually poses challenges in the differential diagnosis with other benign and malignant tumours, especially basal cell carcinoma, due to significant clinical and morphological overlap. Here, we report the case of a 53-year-old male who presented with a mass in the upper left eyelid evolving for one year. The patient had a previous history of total colectomy and an abdominal desmoid tumour within the context of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), with a documented germline mutation in the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene. The eyelid lesion was biopsied and the histological analysis of the three small tissue fragments received revealed fragments with cutaneous–conjunctival lining displaying a subepithelial proliferation of basaloid nests with peripheral palisading, compatible with primitive hair follicles. There were images of anastomosis between different basaloid nests, which had their connection to the epithelial lining preserved. The stroma had high cellularity and sometimes primitive mesenchymal papillae were evident. Pleomorphism was absent, mitotic figures were barely identified, and no necrosis was seen. The basaloid nests did not have epithelial–stromal retraction nor mucin deposits. A diagnosis of BFH was proposed, which was later confirmed after surgical excision of the whole eyelid lesion. No evidence of carcinoma was present. This case illustrates the main features of the rare benign eyelid BFH. The standard medical or surgical approach of these lesions remains to be firmly established. Nearly nine months after surgical excision our patient remains well without signs of disease recurrence. MDPI 2022-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8774580/ /pubmed/35054307 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010140 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Lamas, Nuno Jorge
Rodrigues, Ana Patrícia
Araújo, Maria
Vizcaíno, José Ramón
Coelho, André
Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region
title Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region
title_full Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region
title_fullStr Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region
title_full_unstemmed Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region
title_short Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review about an Unusual Lesion in the Ocular Region
title_sort basaloid follicular hamartoma of the eyelid: a case report and literature review about an unusual lesion in the ocular region
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8774580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35054307
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010140
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