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Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements

Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a widely used detergent to prevent viral contamination of manufactured biologicals and biopharmaceuticals, and acts by disrupting membrane-enveloped virus particles. However, environmental concerns about ecotoxic byproducts are leading to TX-100 phase out and there is an out...

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Autores principales: Gooran, Negin, Yoon, Bo Kyeong, Jackman, Joshua A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8775805/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35055053
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020869
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author Gooran, Negin
Yoon, Bo Kyeong
Jackman, Joshua A.
author_facet Gooran, Negin
Yoon, Bo Kyeong
Jackman, Joshua A.
author_sort Gooran, Negin
collection PubMed
description Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a widely used detergent to prevent viral contamination of manufactured biologicals and biopharmaceuticals, and acts by disrupting membrane-enveloped virus particles. However, environmental concerns about ecotoxic byproducts are leading to TX-100 phase out and there is an outstanding need to identify functionally equivalent detergents that can potentially replace TX-100. To date, a few detergent candidates have been identified based on viral inactivation studies, while direct mechanistic comparison of TX-100 and potential replacements from a biophysical interaction perspective is warranted. Herein, we employed a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) platform to comparatively evaluate the membrane-disruptive properties of TX-100 and a potential replacement, Simulsol SL 11W (SL-11W), and identified key mechanistic differences in terms of how the two detergents interact with phospholipid membranes. Quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) measurements revealed that TX-100 was more potent and induced rapid, irreversible, and complete membrane solubilization, whereas SL-11W caused more gradual, reversible membrane budding and did not induce extensive membrane solubilization. The results further demonstrated that TX-100 and SL-11W both exhibit concentration-dependent interaction behaviors and were only active at or above their respective critical micelle concentration (CMC) values. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that TX-100 and SL-11W have distinct membrane-disruptive effects in terms of potency, mechanism of action, and interaction kinetics, and the SLB platform approach can support the development of biophysical assays to efficiently test potential TX-100 replacements.
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spelling pubmed-87758052022-01-21 Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements Gooran, Negin Yoon, Bo Kyeong Jackman, Joshua A. Int J Mol Sci Article Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a widely used detergent to prevent viral contamination of manufactured biologicals and biopharmaceuticals, and acts by disrupting membrane-enveloped virus particles. However, environmental concerns about ecotoxic byproducts are leading to TX-100 phase out and there is an outstanding need to identify functionally equivalent detergents that can potentially replace TX-100. To date, a few detergent candidates have been identified based on viral inactivation studies, while direct mechanistic comparison of TX-100 and potential replacements from a biophysical interaction perspective is warranted. Herein, we employed a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) platform to comparatively evaluate the membrane-disruptive properties of TX-100 and a potential replacement, Simulsol SL 11W (SL-11W), and identified key mechanistic differences in terms of how the two detergents interact with phospholipid membranes. Quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) measurements revealed that TX-100 was more potent and induced rapid, irreversible, and complete membrane solubilization, whereas SL-11W caused more gradual, reversible membrane budding and did not induce extensive membrane solubilization. The results further demonstrated that TX-100 and SL-11W both exhibit concentration-dependent interaction behaviors and were only active at or above their respective critical micelle concentration (CMC) values. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that TX-100 and SL-11W have distinct membrane-disruptive effects in terms of potency, mechanism of action, and interaction kinetics, and the SLB platform approach can support the development of biophysical assays to efficiently test potential TX-100 replacements. MDPI 2022-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8775805/ /pubmed/35055053 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020869 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gooran, Negin
Yoon, Bo Kyeong
Jackman, Joshua A.
Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements
title Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements
title_full Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements
title_fullStr Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements
title_full_unstemmed Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements
title_short Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements
title_sort supported lipid bilayer platform for characterizing the membrane-disruptive behaviors of triton x-100 and potential detergent replacements
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8775805/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35055053
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020869
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