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Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide

The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) affects root system development and quiescent center (QC)-definition in Arabidopsis root-apices. The brassinosteroids-(BRs)-mediated tolerance to heavy metals has been reported to occur by a modulation of nitric oxide (NO) and root auxin-localization. However, how BRs co...

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Autores principales: Della Rovere, Federica, Piacentini, Diego, Fattorini, Laura, Girardi, Nicoletta, Bellanima, Dario, Falasca, Giuseppina, Altamura, Maria Maddalena, Betti, Camilla
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8776143/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35055009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020825
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author Della Rovere, Federica
Piacentini, Diego
Fattorini, Laura
Girardi, Nicoletta
Bellanima, Dario
Falasca, Giuseppina
Altamura, Maria Maddalena
Betti, Camilla
author_facet Della Rovere, Federica
Piacentini, Diego
Fattorini, Laura
Girardi, Nicoletta
Bellanima, Dario
Falasca, Giuseppina
Altamura, Maria Maddalena
Betti, Camilla
author_sort Della Rovere, Federica
collection PubMed
description The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) affects root system development and quiescent center (QC)-definition in Arabidopsis root-apices. The brassinosteroids-(BRs)-mediated tolerance to heavy metals has been reported to occur by a modulation of nitric oxide (NO) and root auxin-localization. However, how BRs counteract Cd-action in different root types is unknown. This research aimed to find correlations between BRs and NO in response to Cd in Arabidopsis’s root system, monitoring their effects on QC-definition and auxin localization in root-apices. To this aim, root system developmental changes induced by low levels of 24-epibrassinolide (eBL) or by the BR-biosynthesis inhibitor brassinazole (Brz), combined or not with CdSO(4), and/or with the NO-donor nitroprusside (SNP), were investigated using morpho-anatomical and NO-epifluorescence analyses, and monitoring auxin-localization by the DR5::GUS system. Results show that eBL, alone or combined with Cd, enhances lateral (LR) and adventitious (AR) root formation and counteracts QC-disruption and auxin-delocalization caused by Cd in primary root/LR/AR apices. Exogenous NO enhances LR and AR formation in Cd-presence, without synergism with eBL. The NO-signal is positively affected by eBL, but not in Cd-presence, and BR-biosynthesis inhibition does not change the low NO-signal caused by Cd. Collectively, results show that BRs ameliorate Cd-effects on all root types acting independently from NO.
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spelling pubmed-87761432022-01-21 Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide Della Rovere, Federica Piacentini, Diego Fattorini, Laura Girardi, Nicoletta Bellanima, Dario Falasca, Giuseppina Altamura, Maria Maddalena Betti, Camilla Int J Mol Sci Article The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) affects root system development and quiescent center (QC)-definition in Arabidopsis root-apices. The brassinosteroids-(BRs)-mediated tolerance to heavy metals has been reported to occur by a modulation of nitric oxide (NO) and root auxin-localization. However, how BRs counteract Cd-action in different root types is unknown. This research aimed to find correlations between BRs and NO in response to Cd in Arabidopsis’s root system, monitoring their effects on QC-definition and auxin localization in root-apices. To this aim, root system developmental changes induced by low levels of 24-epibrassinolide (eBL) or by the BR-biosynthesis inhibitor brassinazole (Brz), combined or not with CdSO(4), and/or with the NO-donor nitroprusside (SNP), were investigated using morpho-anatomical and NO-epifluorescence analyses, and monitoring auxin-localization by the DR5::GUS system. Results show that eBL, alone or combined with Cd, enhances lateral (LR) and adventitious (AR) root formation and counteracts QC-disruption and auxin-delocalization caused by Cd in primary root/LR/AR apices. Exogenous NO enhances LR and AR formation in Cd-presence, without synergism with eBL. The NO-signal is positively affected by eBL, but not in Cd-presence, and BR-biosynthesis inhibition does not change the low NO-signal caused by Cd. Collectively, results show that BRs ameliorate Cd-effects on all root types acting independently from NO. MDPI 2022-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8776143/ /pubmed/35055009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020825 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Della Rovere, Federica
Piacentini, Diego
Fattorini, Laura
Girardi, Nicoletta
Bellanima, Dario
Falasca, Giuseppina
Altamura, Maria Maddalena
Betti, Camilla
Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide
title Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide
title_full Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide
title_fullStr Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide
title_full_unstemmed Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide
title_short Brassinosteroids Mitigate Cadmium Effects in Arabidopsis Root System without Any Cooperation with Nitric Oxide
title_sort brassinosteroids mitigate cadmium effects in arabidopsis root system without any cooperation with nitric oxide
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8776143/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35055009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020825
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