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Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries
BACKGROUND: Seven years after the commitment to United Nations’ call for Universal Health Coverage, healthcare services in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico are generally accessible and affordable; but they still struggle to meet population health demands and address the rising health care costs....
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8777418/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35063033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00793-7 |
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author | Gilardino, Ramiro E. Valanzasca, Pilar Rifkin, Susan B. |
author_facet | Gilardino, Ramiro E. Valanzasca, Pilar Rifkin, Susan B. |
author_sort | Gilardino, Ramiro E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Seven years after the commitment to United Nations’ call for Universal Health Coverage, healthcare services in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico are generally accessible and affordable; but they still struggle to meet population health demands and address the rising health care costs. We aim to describe measures taken by these four countries to commit by Universal Health Coverage, addressing their barriers and challenges. METHODS: Scoping literature review, supplemented with targeted stakeholders survey. RESULTS: The four countries analysed achieved an overall index of essential coverage of 76–77%, and households out of pocket health expenditures fall below 25%. Services coverage was improved by expanding access to primary healthcare systems and coverage for non-communicable diseases, while provided community outreach by the increase in the number of skilled healthcare workers. New pharmaceutical support programs provided access to treatments for chronic conditions at zero cost, while high-costs drugs and cancer treatments were partially guaranteed. However, the countries lack with effective financial protection mechanisms, that continue to increase out of pocket expenditure as noted by lowest financial protection scores, and lack of effective financial mechanisms besides cash transfers. CONCLUSIONS: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico have made progress towards UHC. Although, better financial protection is urgently required. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-022-00793-7. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8777418 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87774182022-01-21 Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries Gilardino, Ramiro E. Valanzasca, Pilar Rifkin, Susan B. Arch Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Seven years after the commitment to United Nations’ call for Universal Health Coverage, healthcare services in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico are generally accessible and affordable; but they still struggle to meet population health demands and address the rising health care costs. We aim to describe measures taken by these four countries to commit by Universal Health Coverage, addressing their barriers and challenges. METHODS: Scoping literature review, supplemented with targeted stakeholders survey. RESULTS: The four countries analysed achieved an overall index of essential coverage of 76–77%, and households out of pocket health expenditures fall below 25%. Services coverage was improved by expanding access to primary healthcare systems and coverage for non-communicable diseases, while provided community outreach by the increase in the number of skilled healthcare workers. New pharmaceutical support programs provided access to treatments for chronic conditions at zero cost, while high-costs drugs and cancer treatments were partially guaranteed. However, the countries lack with effective financial protection mechanisms, that continue to increase out of pocket expenditure as noted by lowest financial protection scores, and lack of effective financial mechanisms besides cash transfers. CONCLUSIONS: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico have made progress towards UHC. Although, better financial protection is urgently required. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-022-00793-7. BioMed Central 2022-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8777418/ /pubmed/35063033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00793-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Gilardino, Ramiro E. Valanzasca, Pilar Rifkin, Susan B. Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries |
title | Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries |
title_full | Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries |
title_fullStr | Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries |
title_full_unstemmed | Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries |
title_short | Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries |
title_sort | has latin america achieved universal health coverage yet? lessons from four countries |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8777418/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35063033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00793-7 |
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