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Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: Vitamin D supplementation improves the immune function of human body and can be a convenient way to prevent influenza. However, evidence on the protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on influenza from Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) is inconclusive. Methods: RCTs regarding th...

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Autores principales: Zhu, Zhixin, Zhu, Xiaoxia, Gu, Lanfang, Zhan, Yancen, Chen, Liang, Li, Xiuyang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8777486/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.799709
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author Zhu, Zhixin
Zhu, Xiaoxia
Gu, Lanfang
Zhan, Yancen
Chen, Liang
Li, Xiuyang
author_facet Zhu, Zhixin
Zhu, Xiaoxia
Gu, Lanfang
Zhan, Yancen
Chen, Liang
Li, Xiuyang
author_sort Zhu, Zhixin
collection PubMed
description Background: Vitamin D supplementation improves the immune function of human body and can be a convenient way to prevent influenza. However, evidence on the protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on influenza from Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) is inconclusive. Methods: RCTs regarding the association between vitamin D supplementation and influenza were identified by searching PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) from inception until present (last updated on 10 November 2021). Studies that reported dosages and durations of vitamin D supplementation and number of influenza infections could be included. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I(2) statistics, the meta-analysis was conducted by using a random-effects model, the pooled effects were expressed with risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: 10 trials including 4859 individuals were ultimately eligible after scanning. There was no evidence of a significant heterogeneity among studies (I(2) = 27%, P = 0.150). Meta-regression analysis finding indicated that country, latitude, average age, economic level, follow-up period and average daily vitamin D intake did not cause the statistical heterogeneity. The study finding indicates that substitution with vitamin D significantly reduces the risk of influenza infections (RR = 0.78, 95% CI:0.64–0.95). No evidence of publication bias was observed. Omission of any single trial had little impact on the pooled risk estimates. Conclusions: The meta-analysis produced a corroboration that vitamin D supplement has a preventive effect on influenza. Strategies for preventing influenza can be optimized by vitamin D supplementation.
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spelling pubmed-87774862022-01-22 Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Zhu, Zhixin Zhu, Xiaoxia Gu, Lanfang Zhan, Yancen Chen, Liang Li, Xiuyang Front Nutr Nutrition Background: Vitamin D supplementation improves the immune function of human body and can be a convenient way to prevent influenza. However, evidence on the protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on influenza from Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) is inconclusive. Methods: RCTs regarding the association between vitamin D supplementation and influenza were identified by searching PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) from inception until present (last updated on 10 November 2021). Studies that reported dosages and durations of vitamin D supplementation and number of influenza infections could be included. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I(2) statistics, the meta-analysis was conducted by using a random-effects model, the pooled effects were expressed with risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: 10 trials including 4859 individuals were ultimately eligible after scanning. There was no evidence of a significant heterogeneity among studies (I(2) = 27%, P = 0.150). Meta-regression analysis finding indicated that country, latitude, average age, economic level, follow-up period and average daily vitamin D intake did not cause the statistical heterogeneity. The study finding indicates that substitution with vitamin D significantly reduces the risk of influenza infections (RR = 0.78, 95% CI:0.64–0.95). No evidence of publication bias was observed. Omission of any single trial had little impact on the pooled risk estimates. Conclusions: The meta-analysis produced a corroboration that vitamin D supplement has a preventive effect on influenza. Strategies for preventing influenza can be optimized by vitamin D supplementation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8777486/ /pubmed/35071300 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.799709 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zhu, Zhu, Gu, Zhan, Chen and Li. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Zhu, Zhixin
Zhu, Xiaoxia
Gu, Lanfang
Zhan, Yancen
Chen, Liang
Li, Xiuyang
Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_full Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_fullStr Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_full_unstemmed Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_short Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_sort association between vitamin d and influenza: meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8777486/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35071300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.799709
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