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Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight
The success of the immune checkpoint blockade has provided a proof of concept that immune cells are capable of attacking tumors in the clinic. However, clinical benefit is only observed in less than 20% of the patients due to the non-specific activation of immune cells by the immune checkpoint block...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8778374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062731 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010070 |
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author | Kumai, Takumi Yamaki, Hidekiyo Kono, Michihisa Hayashi, Ryusuke Wakisaka, Risa Komatsuda, Hiroki |
author_facet | Kumai, Takumi Yamaki, Hidekiyo Kono, Michihisa Hayashi, Ryusuke Wakisaka, Risa Komatsuda, Hiroki |
author_sort | Kumai, Takumi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The success of the immune checkpoint blockade has provided a proof of concept that immune cells are capable of attacking tumors in the clinic. However, clinical benefit is only observed in less than 20% of the patients due to the non-specific activation of immune cells by the immune checkpoint blockade. Developing tumor-specific immune responses is a challenging task that can be achieved by targeting tumor antigens to generate tumor-specific T-cell responses. The recent advancements in peptide-based immunotherapy have encouraged clinicians and patients who are struggling with cancer that is otherwise non-treatable with current therapeutics. By selecting appropriate epitopes from tumor antigens with suitable adjuvants, peptides can elicit robust antitumor responses in both mice and humans. Although recent experimental data and clinical trials suggest the potency of tumor reduction by peptide-based vaccines, earlier clinical trials based on the inadequate hypothesis have misled that peptide vaccines are not efficient in eliminating tumor cells. In this review, we highlighted the recent evidence that supports the rationale of peptide-based antitumor vaccines. We also discussed the strategies to select the optimal epitope for vaccines and the mechanism of how adjuvants increase the efficacy of this promising approach to treat cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8778374 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87783742022-01-22 Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight Kumai, Takumi Yamaki, Hidekiyo Kono, Michihisa Hayashi, Ryusuke Wakisaka, Risa Komatsuda, Hiroki Vaccines (Basel) Review The success of the immune checkpoint blockade has provided a proof of concept that immune cells are capable of attacking tumors in the clinic. However, clinical benefit is only observed in less than 20% of the patients due to the non-specific activation of immune cells by the immune checkpoint blockade. Developing tumor-specific immune responses is a challenging task that can be achieved by targeting tumor antigens to generate tumor-specific T-cell responses. The recent advancements in peptide-based immunotherapy have encouraged clinicians and patients who are struggling with cancer that is otherwise non-treatable with current therapeutics. By selecting appropriate epitopes from tumor antigens with suitable adjuvants, peptides can elicit robust antitumor responses in both mice and humans. Although recent experimental data and clinical trials suggest the potency of tumor reduction by peptide-based vaccines, earlier clinical trials based on the inadequate hypothesis have misled that peptide vaccines are not efficient in eliminating tumor cells. In this review, we highlighted the recent evidence that supports the rationale of peptide-based antitumor vaccines. We also discussed the strategies to select the optimal epitope for vaccines and the mechanism of how adjuvants increase the efficacy of this promising approach to treat cancer. MDPI 2022-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8778374/ /pubmed/35062731 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010070 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kumai, Takumi Yamaki, Hidekiyo Kono, Michihisa Hayashi, Ryusuke Wakisaka, Risa Komatsuda, Hiroki Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight |
title | Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight |
title_full | Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight |
title_fullStr | Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight |
title_full_unstemmed | Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight |
title_short | Antitumor Peptide-Based Vaccine in the Limelight |
title_sort | antitumor peptide-based vaccine in the limelight |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8778374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062731 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010070 |
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