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Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care

Background and Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Acute exacerbations (AECOPD) are common and often triggered by viral infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic social restrictions, including ‘shielding’ and ‘lockdowns’, were mandated. Multi...

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Autores principales: Lawless, Michael, Burgess, Mark, Bourke, Stephen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8778793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056374
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010066
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author Lawless, Michael
Burgess, Mark
Bourke, Stephen
author_facet Lawless, Michael
Burgess, Mark
Bourke, Stephen
author_sort Lawless, Michael
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Acute exacerbations (AECOPD) are common and often triggered by viral infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic social restrictions, including ‘shielding’ and ‘lockdowns’, were mandated. Multiple, worldwide studies report a reduction in AECOPD admissions during this period. This study aims to assess the effect of the pandemic and Lockdown on the rates of admission with AECOPD and severity of hospitalised exacerbations in the North-East of England. Materials and Methods: Data were extracted for patients presenting with a diagnosis of AECOPD or respiratory failure secondary to AECOPD during the ‘COVID-19 period’ (26/3/20–31/12/20) and a date-matched control period from the year previous. We present descriptive statistics and regression analysis of the effects of the COVID-19 period on the rates of hospital admission. Results: Compared to the matched control period, the COVID-19 period was associated with fewer AECOPD admissions (COVID-19 = 719, control = 1257; rate ratio 0.57, p < 0.001) and shorter length of stay (COVID-19 = 3.9 ± 0.2, control = 4.78 ± 0.2 days; p = 0.002), with similar in-hospital plus 30-day post-discharge mortality. Demographics were similar between periods. Only six patients had a positive COVID-19 PCR test. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 period there was a substantial reduction in AECOPD admissions, but no increase in overall severity of exacerbations or mortality. Rather than fear driving delayed hospital presentation, physical and behavioural measures taken during this period to limit transmission of COVID-19 are likely to have reduced transmission of other respiratory viruses. This has important implications for control of future AECOPD.
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spelling pubmed-87787932022-01-22 Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care Lawless, Michael Burgess, Mark Bourke, Stephen Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Acute exacerbations (AECOPD) are common and often triggered by viral infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic social restrictions, including ‘shielding’ and ‘lockdowns’, were mandated. Multiple, worldwide studies report a reduction in AECOPD admissions during this period. This study aims to assess the effect of the pandemic and Lockdown on the rates of admission with AECOPD and severity of hospitalised exacerbations in the North-East of England. Materials and Methods: Data were extracted for patients presenting with a diagnosis of AECOPD or respiratory failure secondary to AECOPD during the ‘COVID-19 period’ (26/3/20–31/12/20) and a date-matched control period from the year previous. We present descriptive statistics and regression analysis of the effects of the COVID-19 period on the rates of hospital admission. Results: Compared to the matched control period, the COVID-19 period was associated with fewer AECOPD admissions (COVID-19 = 719, control = 1257; rate ratio 0.57, p < 0.001) and shorter length of stay (COVID-19 = 3.9 ± 0.2, control = 4.78 ± 0.2 days; p = 0.002), with similar in-hospital plus 30-day post-discharge mortality. Demographics were similar between periods. Only six patients had a positive COVID-19 PCR test. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 period there was a substantial reduction in AECOPD admissions, but no increase in overall severity of exacerbations or mortality. Rather than fear driving delayed hospital presentation, physical and behavioural measures taken during this period to limit transmission of COVID-19 are likely to have reduced transmission of other respiratory viruses. This has important implications for control of future AECOPD. MDPI 2022-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8778793/ /pubmed/35056374 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010066 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lawless, Michael
Burgess, Mark
Bourke, Stephen
Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care
title Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care
title_full Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care
title_fullStr Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care
title_full_unstemmed Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care
title_short Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation: Lessons for Future Care
title_sort impact of covid-19 on hospital admissions for copd exacerbation: lessons for future care
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8778793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056374
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010066
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