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Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018
Despite the low prevalence of HIV-1 in Israel, continuous waves of immigration may have impacted the local epidemic. We characterized all people diagnosed with HIV-1 in Israel in 2010–2018. The demographics and clinical data of all individuals (n = 3639) newly diagnosed with HIV-1 were retrieved. Su...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779053/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14010071 |
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author | Wagner, Tali Zuckerman, Neta S. Halperin, Tami Chemtob, Daniel Levy, Itzchak Elbirt, Daniel Shachar, Eduardo Olshtain-Pops, Karen Elinav, Hila Chowers, Michal Itsomin, Valery Riesenberg, Klaris Wax, Marina Shirazi, Rachel Gozlan, Yael Matus, Natasha Girshengorn, Shirley Marom, Rotem Mendelson, Ella Turner, Dan Mor, Orna |
author_facet | Wagner, Tali Zuckerman, Neta S. Halperin, Tami Chemtob, Daniel Levy, Itzchak Elbirt, Daniel Shachar, Eduardo Olshtain-Pops, Karen Elinav, Hila Chowers, Michal Itsomin, Valery Riesenberg, Klaris Wax, Marina Shirazi, Rachel Gozlan, Yael Matus, Natasha Girshengorn, Shirley Marom, Rotem Mendelson, Ella Turner, Dan Mor, Orna |
author_sort | Wagner, Tali |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite the low prevalence of HIV-1 in Israel, continuous waves of immigration may have impacted the local epidemic. We characterized all people diagnosed with HIV-1 in Israel in 2010–2018. The demographics and clinical data of all individuals (n = 3639) newly diagnosed with HIV-1 were retrieved. Subtypes, transmitted drug-resistance mutations (TDRM), and phylogenetic relations, were determined in >50% of them. In 39.1%, HIV-1 transmission was through heterosexual contact; 34.3% were men who have sex with men (MSM); and 10.4% were people who inject drugs. Many (>65%) were immigrants. Israeli-born individuals were mostly (78.3%) MSM, whereas only 9% of those born in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EEU/CA), were MSM. The proportion of individuals from SSA decreased through the years 2010–2018 (21.1% in 2010–2012; 16.8% in 2016–2018) whereas those from EEU/CA increased significantly (21% in 2010–2012; 27.8% in 2016–2018, p < 0.001). TDRM were identified in 12.1%; 3.7, 3.3 and 6.6% had protease inhibitors (PI), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) TDRM, respectively, with the overall proportion remaining stable in the studied years. None had integrase TDRM. Subtype B was present in 43.9%, subtype A in 25.2% (A6 in 22.8 and A1 in 2.4%) and subtype C in 17.1% of individuals. Most MSM had subtype B. Subtype C carriers formed small clusters (with one unexpected MSM cluster), A1 formed a cluster mainly of locally-born patients with NNRTI mutations, and A6 formed a looser cluster of individuals mainly from EEU. Israelis, <50 years old, carrying A1, had the highest risk for having TDRM. In conclusion, an increase in immigrants from EEU/CA and a decrease in those from SSA characterized the HIV-1 epidemic in 2010–2018. Baseline resistance testing should still be recommended to identify TDRM, and improve surveillance and care. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8779053 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87790532022-01-22 Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 Wagner, Tali Zuckerman, Neta S. Halperin, Tami Chemtob, Daniel Levy, Itzchak Elbirt, Daniel Shachar, Eduardo Olshtain-Pops, Karen Elinav, Hila Chowers, Michal Itsomin, Valery Riesenberg, Klaris Wax, Marina Shirazi, Rachel Gozlan, Yael Matus, Natasha Girshengorn, Shirley Marom, Rotem Mendelson, Ella Turner, Dan Mor, Orna Viruses Article Despite the low prevalence of HIV-1 in Israel, continuous waves of immigration may have impacted the local epidemic. We characterized all people diagnosed with HIV-1 in Israel in 2010–2018. The demographics and clinical data of all individuals (n = 3639) newly diagnosed with HIV-1 were retrieved. Subtypes, transmitted drug-resistance mutations (TDRM), and phylogenetic relations, were determined in >50% of them. In 39.1%, HIV-1 transmission was through heterosexual contact; 34.3% were men who have sex with men (MSM); and 10.4% were people who inject drugs. Many (>65%) were immigrants. Israeli-born individuals were mostly (78.3%) MSM, whereas only 9% of those born in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EEU/CA), were MSM. The proportion of individuals from SSA decreased through the years 2010–2018 (21.1% in 2010–2012; 16.8% in 2016–2018) whereas those from EEU/CA increased significantly (21% in 2010–2012; 27.8% in 2016–2018, p < 0.001). TDRM were identified in 12.1%; 3.7, 3.3 and 6.6% had protease inhibitors (PI), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) TDRM, respectively, with the overall proportion remaining stable in the studied years. None had integrase TDRM. Subtype B was present in 43.9%, subtype A in 25.2% (A6 in 22.8 and A1 in 2.4%) and subtype C in 17.1% of individuals. Most MSM had subtype B. Subtype C carriers formed small clusters (with one unexpected MSM cluster), A1 formed a cluster mainly of locally-born patients with NNRTI mutations, and A6 formed a looser cluster of individuals mainly from EEU. Israelis, <50 years old, carrying A1, had the highest risk for having TDRM. In conclusion, an increase in immigrants from EEU/CA and a decrease in those from SSA characterized the HIV-1 epidemic in 2010–2018. Baseline resistance testing should still be recommended to identify TDRM, and improve surveillance and care. MDPI 2021-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8779053/ /pubmed/35062274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14010071 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wagner, Tali Zuckerman, Neta S. Halperin, Tami Chemtob, Daniel Levy, Itzchak Elbirt, Daniel Shachar, Eduardo Olshtain-Pops, Karen Elinav, Hila Chowers, Michal Itsomin, Valery Riesenberg, Klaris Wax, Marina Shirazi, Rachel Gozlan, Yael Matus, Natasha Girshengorn, Shirley Marom, Rotem Mendelson, Ella Turner, Dan Mor, Orna Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 |
title | Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 |
title_full | Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 |
title_fullStr | Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 |
title_short | Epidemiology and Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Israel, 2010–2018 |
title_sort | epidemiology and transmitted hiv-1 drug resistance among treatment-naïve individuals in israel, 2010–2018 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779053/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14010071 |
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